大学物理 ›› 2018, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (10): 4-6.doi: 10.16854 /j.cnki.1000-0712.180231

• 教学研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

推导坐标、动量算符函数换序的新方法

杨阳,范洪义   

  1. 1.潍坊学院物理与光电工程学院,山东潍坊261061; 2.中国科学技术大学材料科学与工程系,安徽合肥230026
  • 收稿日期:2018-04-16 修回日期:2018-06-04 出版日期:2018-10-20 发布日期:2018-10-20
  • 作者简介: 杨阳( 1985—) ,男,山东济宁人,潍坊学院物理与光电工程学院讲师,博士,主要从事量子力学教学
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金( 11775208) 资助

A new method for re-ordering of the coordinate and momentum operator functions

YANG Yang1,FAN Hong-yi2   

  1. 1. Department of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering,Weifang University,Weifang,Shandong 261061,China; 2. Department of Material Science and Engineering,University of Science and Technology of China,   Hefei,Anhui 230026,China
  • Received:2018-04-16 Revised:2018-06-04 Online:2018-10-20 Published:2018-10-20

摘要: 由于坐标、动量算符的不对易性,坐标算符函数和动量算符函数的换序是量子力学中的一个基本问题.运用坐标表 象的完备性及有序算符内积分方法可以容易导出坐标、动量算符函数的换序公式,尤其是坐标算符与动量算符幂次换序可以 用一个双变量厄米多项式来表示.而且,用有序内积分方法可以导出坐标-动量中介表象的结构.

关键词: 表象, 完备性, 有序积分, 厄米多项式

Abstract: Because the coordinate and the momentum operator do not communte,the re-ordering of the coordinate and the momentum operator functions is a fundamental problem in quantum mechanics. Using the completeness of coordinate and momentum representation and the integration within ordered product of operators,the re-ordering formulas of the coordinate operator and momentum operator function can be easily derived. In particular,a bivariate Hermite polynomial can be used to express the re-ordering of the power of coordinate and momentum exponential operator neatly. Furthermore,the structure of the coordinate-momentum intermediary representation can be derived by the integration within ordered product of operators.

Key words: representation, completeness, integration within ordered product, Hermite polynomial