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Table of Content

    20 April 2010 Volume 29 Issue 4
      
    著者文摘
    Hubble constant and modern cosmology
    . 2010, 29(4):  1-1. 
    Abstract ( 561 )   PDF (757KB) ( 554 )  
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    The paper introduces first the Gruber Prize in 2009, the observational cosmology and the history of research of the Hubble constant are reviewed. We discuss the Hubble' s constant with Hubble space telescope and the application of the Hubble diagram in the modern cosmology.
    On the relationship between equations of state for van der Waals and ideal gas
    . 2010, 29(4):  8-8. 
    Abstract ( 1593 )   PDF (270KB) ( 511 )  
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    It is well-known that van der Waals equation of state goes over to that for the ideal gas in the limit of large volume, but whether the first derivative of it also works is a problem without explicitly explored hitherto. The exploration shows that the further requirement on the real gas as it in the limit of large volume can reproduce the ideal gas in sense of the first derivative is inappropriate unless asymptotically.
    The precession of celestial bodies and conservation of angular momentum
    . 2010, 29(4):  11-11. 
    Abstract ( 593 )   PDF (388KB) ( 368 )  
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    The precession of celestial bodies is analyzed in terms of moment of momentum theorem in non-inertial system and the law of conservation of angular momentum. It is pointed out that the origins for the earth' s axis precession and orbital precession of satellites are the same.
    Zeeman effect of the high-excited state of helium
    . 2010, 29(4):  15-15. 
    Abstract ( 635 )   PDF (393KB) ( 421 )  
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    By using the spherical tensor form of the Zeeman Hamihonian and matrix elements in the coupling representation, we study the Zeeman effect of n^3P(n=4,5 ) state of helium and plot the energy levels as a function of magnetic field.
    Several types of explicit and exact solutions of nonlinear transmission line equation
    . 2010, 29(4):  20-20. 
    Abstract ( 508 )   PDF (273KB) ( 447 )  
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    :Nonlinear transmission line equation is solved by the trial function method. By introducing transformation and selecting appropriate trial functions, the nonlinear partial differential equation that is hard to be solved by the usual ways can be reduced to a set of algebraic equation, which can be easily solved, and its related coefficients can be easily determined by the method of undetermined coefficient. Finally, the analytical solution of the equation is successfully derived.
    The Lagrangian function of a classical particle with zero-total force
    . 2010, 29(4):  22-22. 
    Abstract ( 496 )   PDF (266KB) ( 256 )  
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    Using the theory and methods of the inverse problem in Lagrangian mechanics, two kinds of equivalent Lagrangian functions of a classical particle with zero-total force are obtained. These Lagrangian functions depend on time, the radius vector and vector velocity of the particle, but need not be a function of magnitude of velocity only.
    A practice motion of a wax mass in close test tube with full water and rocking
    . 2010, 29(4):  25-25. 
    Abstract ( 606 )   PDF (456KB) ( 260 )  
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    Using the replacement method, this paper deduces the differential equations of motion for a wax mass in close test tube that is full of water and rocking. The zero-order approximate and series solutions are obtained under reasonable assumption.
    Investigation on the motion in coupled system of spring oscillators
    . 2010, 29(4):  29-29. 
    Abstract ( 654 )   PDF (342KB) ( 640 )  
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    The analytic solution of the coupled system of spring oscillators is obtained by theoretical analysis. Using Matlab, we present the numerical simulation and plot the motion curve and phase diagram. Moreover, we give the motion character of the system in comparison with the motion curve and phase diagram in different coupled systems.
    Analysis on a vibration system of repetitive same subsections with multiple degrees of freedom
    . 2010, 29(4):  33-33. 
    Abstract ( 690 )   PDF (402KB) ( 247 )  
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    A vibration system of repetitive same subsections with multiple degrees of freedom for simple pendulums and springs is formed. The simple expressions of the natural circular frequency and mode vectors of the vibration system are derived, shown and testified. Moreover, the expression of integral constants in the kinematics equations is obtained.
    On the velocity of light spot from the search light
    . 2010, 29(4):  37-37. 
    Abstract ( 814 )   PDF (374KB) ( 617 )  
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    Velocity of light, in the vacuum, is the utmost of natural matters' movements or information and energy convey. Regardless of this condition, it's not so difficult to find super velocity of light as far as velocity is normally concerned. Some text books often take the example of the light spot movement from the search light to testify the phenomenon of super velocity of light. Through their derivation, the velocity of light spot is v=hω/cos^2θ The es-say, however, indicates the result wrong! According to the calculation for the right result, though the velocity of light spot can surpass the velocity of light, the right resuh's condition on the super velocity of light is far more complicated than the wrong one's, and theoretically richer in physics.
    Study of fabrication of holographic θ modulation board based on spatial filtering method
    . 2010, 29(4):  41-41. 
    Abstract ( 651 )   PDF (287KB) ( 461 )  
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    A new method of fabricating holographic θ modulation board is proposed. The filter is available to allow only ±1 frequency spectrum to pass in the spatial filtering optical system, thus two overlapping one-dimensional grating images and the sinusoidal interference fringes on the output plane are obtained when a parallel monochromatic beam of laser light focuses on the input plane. Three-equal-time exposal is necessary to record the figures of interference fringes with three different directions by using a rotatable bracket with hollow template and holographic plate, thus the θ modulation board is done.
    Discussion on the distance-parameter in Fresnel double prism experiment
    . 2010, 29(4):  43-43. 
    Abstract ( 575 )   PDF (277KB) ( 500 )  
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    The distance parameter is discussed in the Fresnel double prism experiment. The separation of the two virtual coherent sources and the spacing of the fringe on a screen are studied. The expression of the distance between two interference fringes is derived by using the distance parameter. The optimum is recommend. It is much correspondence between theoretical analyse and experimental data.
    An apparatus to measure the liquid refractive index with principle of equal thickness interference
    . 2010, 29(4):  46-46. 
    Abstract ( 608 )   PDF (287KB) ( 363 )  
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    A wedge-shaped optical component in the form of cordwood system is designed, which is constructed by an isosceles trapezoid glass prism and a glass plate. With this apparatus, we easily test the liquid refractive index according to the principle of equal thickness interference by using a conventional reading microscope and a parallel monochromatic light source. The results show that this apparatus has clear physical meaning, good repeatability, highly precise. It is easy to be operated thus well suited to be popularized in optical laboratories of universities.
    Extracting sweat fingerprints from filtering transparent materials by Abbe's spatial wave method
    . 2010, 29(4):  49-49. 
    Abstract ( 514 )   PDF (288KB) ( 282 )  
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    The Abbe-Bode's spatial filtering wave method is used to make sweat fingerprints appear on either glass or transparent incasements, then the sweat fingerprints is extracted and studied. This result indicates that the method making the sweat fingerprints appear on some transparent thin films has good effect. This method has no damage to a testing factor, but chemical reagent method has damage to a testing factor
    Investigation on introducing digital holography into optical experimental teaching
    . 2010, 29(4):  52-52. 
    Abstract ( 552 )   PDF (387KB) ( 476 )  
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    Digital holography is a novel technique of optical imaging and measuring, which compromises the merits of computer technology, digital image processing and traditional optical holography. There are many potential applications for digital holography which is the active research field. It is proposed to introduce the digital holography into optical experimental teaching for the undergraduate students so that the students can learn to operate the equipments like CCD and other optoelectronic devices. Also, in this way they ean understand better the physical insight about the diffraction propagation of light waves. In addition, by applying those abstract theories during the experiments, such as the Fresnel diffraction theory, the principle of holograms, the sampling theorem and the discrete Fourier transform, the learning interest of the students will be aroused and their practical capability will be enhanced.
    Research and practice of the teaching reform of modern physics experiment
    . 2010, 29(4):  55-55. 
    Abstract ( 590 )   PDF (428KB) ( 474 )  
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    Design ideas and concrete teaching practice of teaching models, teaching methods and teaching measures are introduced on the teaching reform of modern physics experiment
    Study on the double frequency phenomenon in Faraday effect experiment
    . 2010, 29(4):  60-60. 
    Abstract ( 2174 )   PDF (253KB) ( 779 )  
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    By studying on the double frequency phenomenon in Faraday effect experiment, the incompleteness of a few textbooks' description on the location of this phenomenon is pointed out, and such incompleteness is the result of careless mathematical derivation. The polarization intersection angel θ0 is defined, and by mathematical analysis as well as experimental analysis, it is proved that the double frequency phenomenon can be produced when θ0 is equal to 0 or π/2.
    Improvement on the solution of finite square well potential
    . 2010, 29(4):  63-63. 
    Abstract ( 701 )   PDF (237KB) ( 325 )  
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    The solution of finite square well potential, which is presented in most of quantum mechanies textbooks, can be improved through a simple transform on level equation. After the transform, it is easy to construct a pieture and solve the problem.