大学物理 ›› 2017, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (1): 19-21.doi: 10.16854 /j.cnki.1000-0712.2017.01.007

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光在吸收介质中传播的折射定律

张静,王海,刘树勇   

  1. 首都师范大学物理系,北京100048
  • 出版日期:2017-01-20 发布日期:2017-01-20
  • 作者简介:张静( 1991—) ,女,内蒙古赤峰人,首都师范大学物理系2014 级硕士生,主要从事凝聚态磁性材

The law of refraction in absorbing medium

ZHANG Jing,WANG Hai,LIU Shu-yong   

  1. Department of Physics,Capital Normal University,Beijing 100048,China
  • Online:2017-01-20 Published:2017-01-20

摘要: 光波在均匀非吸收介质中传播时振幅不衰减,在两种非吸收介质界面处产生折射现象,由几何光学中实数形式的 光折射定律定量描述.而光波在均匀吸收介质中传播时,其振幅沿传播方向衰减,且其等振幅面与等相位面会发生分离.考虑 吸收对光波传播特性的影响,本文回顾了复折射率的概念和复数形式的折射定律,据此对光波由吸收介质入射到吸收介质和 光波由非吸收介质入射到吸收介质的两种情况进行了讨论,阐明了复数折射定律在具体问题讨论中的必要性和便利性,同时   分析了实数形式和复数形式折射定律的关系.

关键词: 非吸收介质, 吸收介质, 复折射率

Abstract: In an isotropic non-absorbing medium, light propagates without the amplitude attenuation and refracts at the interface of two media obeying Snell’s law with real numbers. However, light travels in a homogeneous absorption medium with not only the attenuation of amplitude along the direction of propagation,but also the separation between equi-amplitude and equi-phase surfaces. Considering these phenomena, this work reviews the concept of the complex refractive index and Snell’s law with complex indexes. Then two typical cases are discussed,namely, light incident from an absorbing medium to an absorbing medium,and light incident from a non-absorbing medium to an absorbing medium,by which the necessity and convenience of Snell’s law with complex indexes are demonstrated. The relationship between Snell’s law with real form and Snell’s law with complex form is also clarified.