大学物理 ›› 2017, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (3): 1-4.doi: 10.16854 /j.cnki.1000-0712.2017.03.001

• 编者按 •    下一篇

从简化模型中悟出质点动力学的真谛

包景东,彭婧   

  1. 北京师范大学物理学系,北京100875
  • 收稿日期:2016-10-18 出版日期:2017-03-20 发布日期:2017-03-20
  • 基金资助:
    教育部国家精品视频公开课项目资助

The law of particle dynamics summarized by several simple models

BAO Jing-dong,PENG Jing   

  1. Department of Physics,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China
  • Received:2016-10-18 Online:2017-03-20 Published:2017-03-20

摘要: 从2016 年诺贝尔物理奖及费曼物理教育思想受到启发,本文讨论了目前大学物理教学所欠缺的方面: 溯本求源和结果推广.以阿特武德机、抛体轨迹、斜面上的非惯性系、桌面上的绳子为例,从简单模型悟出质点动力学的几个要点: 对约束方程求导获得变量之间关系; 弹道曲线的理想化和无量纲化; 非惯性中的等效重力; 逆向思维判断系统运动趋势等.

关键词: 简化模型, 质点动力学, 规律

Abstract: Illumined by 2016’s Nobel prize and Feynman s physical education,we discuss deficient for the moment of college physics,i.e., searching origin and generalization of result.Several key points are summarized from the Atwood machine, trajectory of throwing body,non-inertial system on the tilted surface,a coed on a stable as examples.Namely,the relation between a few variables through derivation of the restrict equation is found; idealization and dimensionless of the trajectory curve; effective gravity force in the non-inertial system; the motion tendency of a system is judged by using the reversal thinking.

Key words: simple model, particle dynamics, law