大学物理 ›› 2013, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (12): 15-15.

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夫琅禾费双缝衍射的理论和实验研究

黄志平 郑卫峰 贾谊明 方良栋   

  1. 福建师范大学物能学院物理系,福建福州350007
  • 出版日期:2013-12-25 发布日期:2013-12-20

Theoretically and experimentally study of Fraunhofer diffraction of the double slits

  • Online:2013-12-25 Published:2013-12-20

摘要: 根据基尔霍夫衍射理论推导了人射光为高斯型分布和狭缝宽度不同的双缝衍射公式,结合数值分析讨论了狭缝宽度不同、入射光为高斯型分布和光斑半径对双缝衍射光强分布的影响,并利用实验探讨了双缝沾有污渍、探测器采样口的选择、两狭缝宽度不等、光斑中心与双缝中轴线是否重合等因素对双缝衍射的影响,通过理论分析和实验验证对实验现象进行了定性描述,找出实验中出现与理论存在差异的实验现象的原因.

关键词: 夫琅禾费双缝衍射, 高斯光束, 光强分布

Abstract: This paper has made an exhaustive derivation of Franuhofer diffraction of double slits with different widths and Gaussian beams in terms of the Kirchhoffs theory. The influence of double slits with different widths,the Gaussian beams and the laser spot radius on the intensity distribution of double slits diffraction is analyzed by the experimental and numerical studies. The experimental phenomenon of double slits diffraction is discussed through theoretical analysis and experimental demonstration.

Key words: Fraunhofer diffraction of the double slits, Gaussian beam, light intensity distribution

中图分类号: 

  • O436.1