关键词: 超导, 磁悬浮, 磁通, Bean模型

Abstract: Superconductors can exhibit captivating levitation and suspension phenomena on magnets, which go beyond simple diamagnetic explanations. This paper first demonstrates the key experimental phenomena and then explains the physical origins of levitation and suspension based on the relationship between magnetization and force. For quantitative description, we further employ the Bean model to calculate the internal flux distribution and macroscopic magnetization of superconductors under varying external magnetic fields, aiming to establish a classical physical picture of superconducting magnetic levitation. The paper seeks to provide a preliminary theoretical framework for superconducting levitation. Professional terms involved—such as type-II superconductors, magnetic hysteresis, and flux quanta(vortex)—are introduced to meet the needs of readers with diverse backgrounds and to lay the groundwork for subsequent indepth analysis.

Key words: superconductivity, magnetic levitation, vortex, Bean model