利用气垫导轨上两根弹簧连接滑块做阻尼振动的模型，通过求解阻尼振动方程推算得到了滑块运动的最大速度衰 减式，从而求得气垫导轨的阻尼系数. 此外，从品质因数的角度推算阻尼系数的计算式，在阻尼很小时，该方法可视为最大速 度衰减法的近似. 通过气垫导轨阻尼振动实验，测量振幅、周期和光电门遮光时间等物理量，利用最大速度衰减和品质因数法 得出阻尼系数的值非常接近. 进一步对做阻尼振动的滑块拍摄视频，通过慢放视频得到其振动过程中振幅的衰减值，利用最 大振幅衰减法计算出阻尼系数，所得结果与上述两种方法的数值符合较好，从另一个角度证明了本文提出的最大速度衰减法 品质因数法测阻尼系数的可靠性，该类方法在实验中易于操作、实践性强、所得结论可靠，为气垫导轨阻尼系数的测量提供 了一种新的思路.

The formula of maximum velocity attenuation is derived by using the damping vibration model of springs and slider on the air track，then the damping constant of the air track is deduced. Moreover，the damping constant is inferred from the perspective of quality factor and the method can be considered as an approximation of maximum velocity attenuation method if the damping is small enough. By two designed damping vibration experiments on the air track，the damping constants corresponding to above-mentioned different algorithm are obtained by using measured amplitude，cycle and light shielding time，et al. and the results agree well with each other. Furthermore，the video of moving slider is recorded by playing slowly the video，the attenuated vibration amplitudes and the corresponding damping constants are obtained by using the method of maximum amplitude attenuation. The results show will agreement with those values obtained from the methods of maximum velocity attenuation and quality factor. Therefore the proposed methods to measure the damping constant are proved to be reliable from another point of view. Such methods are practicable and easy to operate in experiment，also the results are tested to be reliable.These proposed methods have provided new ways of thinking to measure the damping constant.