教学研究

量子力学的三种绘景

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  • 清华大学物理系,北京100084
王怀玉( 1957—) ,男,江苏常州人,清华大学物理学系教授,博士生导师,主要从事凝聚态物理理论方

收稿日期: 2018-05-27

  录用日期: 2018-06-21

  网络出版日期: 2019-01-15

Three representations in quantum mechanics

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  • Department of Physics,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China

Received date: 2018-05-27

  Accepted date: 2018-06-21

  Online published: 2019-01-15

摘要

介绍了量子力学中三种绘景的公式以及它们的推导.这三种绘景是: 薛定谔绘景﹑海森伯绘景和相互作用绘景.指

出了一些教科书上有关公式的瑕疵,并说明其原因.给出了薛定谔绘景和相互作用绘景中的时间演化算符之间关系的正确的

表达式.通常的教科书上限定初始时刻为0,因此给出了不正确的表达式.明确了通常的量子力学教科书上讲的含时微扰公式

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本文引用格式

王怀玉 . 量子力学的三种绘景[J]. 大学物理, 2018 , 37(12) : 7 . DOI: 10.16854 /j.cnki.1000-0712.180323

Abstract

The formalisms of the three representations in quantum mechanics are introduced. They are

Schrdinger representation,Heisenburg representation and interaction representation. The mistakes in some text

books and their reasons are pointed out. A correct expression between the time evolution operators in the

Schrdinger and interaction representations is given. The expression in some text books is wrong because the initial

time is set as zero. The time-dependent perturbation formula is derived.

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