磁单极场中的空间转动对称性与轨道角动量
收稿日期: 2020-04-27
修回日期: 2020-05-29
网络出版日期: 2020-10-16
基金资助
中山大学教务部2018 年度教学质量工程类项目(中大教务2018 年294 号)资助
Rotational symmetry and orbital angular momentum in the field of a magnetic monopole
Received date: 2020-04-27
Revised date: 2020-05-29
Online published: 2020-10-16
对于带电粒子在磁单极场中运动的问题，推广了量子力学中关于空间转动对称性的分析，得到了推广的轨道角动量，结果与其他方法所得一致.波函数在空间转动下的变换比没有磁单极场的情况多了一个相因子.解出了该相因子的显式.要求其在转角为2π 的转动下为±1，可以得出熟知的电荷量子化条件.
关键词： 磁单极; 空间转动对称性; 轨道角动量; 波函数在转动下的变换; 电荷量子化
林琼桂 . 磁单极场中的空间转动对称性与轨道角动量[J]. 大学物理, 2020 , 39(10) : 1 -4 . DOI: 10.16854 / j.cnki.10000712.200156
A generalized analysis of rotational symmetry in quantum mechanics is presented for a charged particle moving in the field of a magnetic monopole. The generalized orbital angular momentum is obtained，which is the same as that obtained previously by a different method. The transformation of the wave function under rotation contains an extra phase factor compared with the ordinary case without the magnetic monopole field. The explicit expression for this phase factor is worked out. The familiar quantization condition for electric charge is obtained by requiring the phase factor to be ±1 under a rotation of angle 2π.
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