摘要：不同种类的动物辨别方向所依据的原理各不相同.本文对蝙蝠的回声定位、鸟类的地磁场定向和昆虫的偏振光定向等做了简要的综述.环境变化和人为干扰等会对其产生影响.动物的定向原理能给人类以启迪，而一些研究成果已在人们的生产和生活等中得到了应用.

Abstract:Different kinds of animals can orient and navigate based on different principles.In this paper,echolocation in bats,geomagnetic orientation in birds and orientation of polarized light in insects are briefly reviewed.Environmental changes and human disturbance can affect animal navigation.The principles of animal orientation can inspire humans,and some research results have been applied in peoples production and life.