借用量子力学中的表象与表象变换概念，本文系统地提出了偏振光学中的偏振表象和偏振表象变换理论，可以加深对琼斯空间的琼斯矢量、琼斯矩阵描述偏振光和偏振光变换的理解，更加深刻认识其中的物理机理. 本文还利用偏振表象和表象变换理论解读了光纤通信中的光纤偏振模色散和偏振相关损耗对传输的偏振光的作用和影响.

The concepts of representation and representation transformation used in quantum mechanics into polarization optics are introduced. The proposed polarization representation and representation transformation in Jones calculus can make it clear and more understandable if the physics mechanism of some polarization phenomena is discussed. Using this theory, the polarization mode dispersion, polarization dependent loss, and their impacts to the optical signals transmitted in fibers are also clearly explained