碰撞问题中的动量和角动量守恒辨析

邱红梅, 秦吉红, 徐美, 刘丽华

doi:10.16854/j.cnki.1000-0712.230039

大学物理 >

2023 , Vol. 42 >Issue 10: 2

DOI: https://doi.org/10.16854/j.cnki.1000-0712.230039

教学研究

碰撞问题中的动量和角动量守恒辨析

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1. 北京科技大学应用物理系，北京100083；2. 北京科技大学物理系，北京100083

邱红梅（1974—），女，湖北建始人，北京科技大学应用物理系副教授，博士，主要从事大学物理和天体物理的教学研究工作.E-mail: hmqiu@ustb.edu.cn

收稿日期: 2023-02-13

修回日期: 2023-04-07

网络出版日期: 2023-11-06

基金资助

北京科技大学教育教学改革与研究项目（JG2020M37；JG2020M41）资助

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Analysis of conservation of momentum and angular momentum in collision problems

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1. Department of Applied Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; 2. Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China

Received date: 2023-02-13

Revised date: 2023-04-07

Online published: 2023-11-06

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摘要

本文以刚体力学中最典型的物体与直杆的碰撞问题为例，从分析受力的角度，对动量守恒和角动量守恒定律的应用条件进行了讨论，以加深对两个守恒定律的理解，希望对教师教学或学生自学起到一定的借鉴作用.

关键词： 刚体力学; 碰撞; 动量守恒; 角动量守恒

本文引用格式

邱红梅, 秦吉红, 徐美, 刘丽华 . 碰撞问题中的动量和角动量守恒辨析[J]. 大学物理, 2023 , 42(10) : 2 . DOI: 10.16854/j.cnki.1000-0712.230039

Abstract

In this paper, the most typical collision problem between an object and a slender bar in rigid body mechanics is taken as an example, and the application conditions of the law of conservation of momentum and conservation of angular momentum are discussed from the perspective of force analysis, in order to deepen the understanding of the two conservation laws, hoping to play a certain reference role for teachers' teaching or students' self-study

Key words： rigid body mechanics; collision; conservation of momentum; conservation of angular momentum

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