测量固体导热系数的方法有很多，但能直接应用于冰的测量方法并不多. 考虑到冰的零下低温环境等问题，本实验基于稳态法，根据傅里叶导热定律对相关细节进行了设计与改进，先后研究了待测冰直径与厚度的比值、环境温度和含盐率对冰的导热系数的影响. 结果表明待测冰的直径厚度比值为12时，导热系数有最佳值2.25 W/m·K，且最佳测量环境温度为-10℃；不同浓度盐水冰的导热系数相比于纯水冰显著下降，且随着含盐率的升高降幅逐渐减小.

There are many methods to measure thermal conductivity of solid, but not many of them can be directly applied to ice measurements. In this paper, considering the problems related to sub-zero low temperature environment, and based on the steady-state method and Fourier law of thermal conductivity, it is attempted to design and enhance same concerned details by independent constructing the experiment equipment. The relationships between thermal conductivity and the ambient temperature, the impurity concentration (salt content) and the ratio of diameter to thickness of ice are studied. The result shows that when the ratio of diameter to thickness of ice is 12, the thermal conductivity tends to a best value of 2.25 w/m·K and the best ambient temperature is -10 ℃. When comparing with that of pure water ice, the thermal conductivity of salt water ice decreases significantly, and its value decreases gradually and becomes stable with the increase of salt content.