《光学原理》作为光学和物理学专业研究生的经典教科书，详细地介绍了多层空间介质理论与传输矩阵的计算方法. 鉴于时、空的二元性，本文主要通过类比空间多层介质材料，阐述光在材料参数随时间变化的时间多层介质中的传播特性，并推导时间多层介质中的传输矩阵形式. 最后，通过对比时间周期性多层介质的动量带结构和空间周期性多层介质的能带结构和传输系数，深入讨论时间与空间多层介质之间的联系与区别，展现类比思维在研究生创新能力培养中的作用.

The multilayer media theory and the transmission matrix method are introduced in detail in Principles of Optics, which is a classic textbook for graduate students majoring in optics and physics. Due to the duality of time and space, in this paper, the propagated characteristics of light in the temporal multilayer media whose material parameters change with time is mainly expounded and the form of transmission matrix in the temporal multilayer media is deduced. Finally, by comparing the transmitted and reflected coefficients of temporally periodic multilayer media and spatially periodic multilayer media, the connection and difference between them are deeply discussed.