激光全息成像实验是大学近代物理实验中的重要内容，利用光的干涉原理，将满足相干条件的物光和参考光以干涉条纹的形式记录在全息干版上，形成全息照片.全息照片能将物体所反射物光波的振幅相位信息记录下来，形成立体生动的三维影像.由于实验复杂性高，成像效果往往受到诸多因素的影响而导致实验失败率较高.本文从物光与参考光的光强比、光程差和光源参数特性这三个因素对成像效果的影响进行分析，同时提出了一种通过设计光路获得同条件下干涉条纹的新方法，使全息成像结果得以量化描述.最终得到了成像的最佳参数，对实验成功率的提高和成像效果的改进有较好的参考意义.

Laser holographic imaging experiment is an important part of modern physics experiment in university. By using the principle of light interference, the object light and reference light which meet the coherent conditions are recorded on the dry holographic plate in the form of interference fringes to form a hologram. The amplitude and phase information of the light wave reflected by the object can be recorded to form a threedimensional and vivid threedimensional holograms image. Due to the high complexity of the experiment, the imaging effect is often affected by many factors and it leads to a high failure rate of the experiment. In this paper, the effects of the intensity ratio and the optical path difference of object light to reference light and the parameter characteristics of the light source on the imaging results are analyzed. At the same time, a new method to obtain the interference fringes under the same conditions by designing optical path is proposed so that the results of holographic imaging can be described quantitatively. Finally, the optimal parameters of imaging are obtained, which provided a good reference for the improvement of experimental success rate and imaging effect.