教学讨论

磁场中电子波包回旋运动的可视化数值实验

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  • 吉林大学物理学院,吉林 长春130023
姚海波(1979—),女,黑龙江富锦人,吉林大学物理学院副教授,博士,主要从事量子力学教学和凝聚态物理理论研究工作.E-mail: yaohb@jlu.edu.cn

收稿日期: 2024-07-30

  修回日期: 2024-09-09

  网络出版日期: 2025-04-24

基金资助

吉林省高等教育教学改革立项课题 (2023XZD129)、吉林大学本科教学改革研究项目(2023XYB047)资助

Visualized numerical experiment of electron wave packet cyclotron motion in magnetic field

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  • College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China

Received date: 2024-07-30

  Revised date: 2024-09-09

  Online published: 2025-04-24

摘要

在量子力学中,研究波包的演化问题可以帮助学生正确建立微观粒子运动的物理图像,理解量子物理与经典物理的差异.然而,求解薛定谔方程所得到的复杂数学结果往往令学生难以直观地理解波包的演化规律.本文以磁场中一个电子波包的演化为例,介绍在教学实践中如何设计可视化的数值实验,以直观展示波包的演化,从而帮助学生建立磁场中微观带电粒子运动的物理图像.其间,结合教师引导、学生亲自参与可视化过程、课堂翻转、集中讨论等多样化形式,有效提升学生的学习参与度,实现多元化的教学目标.

本文引用格式

姚海波, 杨守文, 朱明枫 . 磁场中电子波包回旋运动的可视化数值实验[J]. 大学物理, 2025 , 44(2) : 29 . DOI: 10.16854/j.cnki.1000-0712.240342

Abstract

In quantum mechanics, studying the evolution of wave packets can help students correctly establish physical images of microscopic particle motion and understand the differences between quantum physics and classical physics. However, the complex mathematical results obtained from solving the Schrödinger equation often make it difficult for students to intuitively understand the evolution laws of wave packets. This article takes the evolution of an electronic wave packet in a magnetic field as an example to introduce how to design visual numerical experiments in teaching practice, in order to visually display the evolution of this wave packet and help students establish a clear physical image of the motion of microscopic charged particle in magnetic field. During this process, various forms such as teacher guidance, student personal participation in the visualization process, classroom flipping, and centralized discussion are combined to effectively enhance students' learning participation and achieve diversified teaching goals.



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