微弱磁场测量技术取得显著进展，巨磁阻和隧道磁阻传感器的突破推动了传感器的小型化和集成化，应用领域包括生物医学、地质勘探等.该论文基于隧道磁阻效应(TMR)理论，通过自主搭建一套TMR传感器装置用于测量微弱磁场，实现高精度、高灵敏度、方向敏感性、小体积和低功耗等特性.通过亥姆霍兹线圈标定TMR装置，线度偏差率仅为0.46%，验证了其测量磁感应强度的线性度和准确度.还实验验证了磁偶极子在空间中的衰减规律，通过TMR装置测量条形磁铁在不同距离下的磁感应强度，证实了其与距离的三次方反比关系.装置性能优秀，成本低廉，易于动手制作完成.具有一定创新性和推广意义.

Remarkable progress has been made in the technology of weak magnetic field measurement. Breakthroughs in giant magnetoresistance (GMR) and tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) sensors have driven the miniaturization and integration of sensors applications in biomedicine, geological exploration, and other fields. Based on the theory, the TMR sensor device for measuring weak magnetic by independently made in this work can realize high precision, high sensitivity, directional sensitivity, small size, and low power consumption. The linearity deviation rate of this TMR device is only 0.46% calibrated by using Helmholtz coils, which is linearity and accuracy in measuring magnetic induction intensity. Additionally, the attenuation law of magnetic dipoles in space is experimentally verified. By measuring the magnetic induction intensity of bar magnets in different distances using the TMR device, the inverse cube relationship with distance is confirmed. The TMR device exhibits excellent performance, low cost, and potential for widespread application.