沃尔夫冈·泡利(Wolfgang Pauli)是20世纪最重要的理论物理学家之一，他提出的“泡利不相容原理”对于量子力学的发展来说具有里程碑意义，不仅为量子力学奠定了重要基础，也为物理学家理解微观世界的结构与行为以及研究现代物理学提供了关键性的理论工具.值泡利不相容原理建立100周年、该成果获诺贝尔物理学奖80周年之际，本文通过回顾泡利不相容原理的提出背景、发展过程以及其在现代物理学中的应用，旨在探讨从量子力学基础到现代物理学中泡利与不相容原理的历史演进与影响.

Wolfgang Pauli is one of the most important theoretical physicists in the 20th century. The Exclusion Principle proposed is a milestone in the development of quantum mechanics. It not only laid an important foundation for quantum mechanics, but also provided key theoretical tools for physicists to understand the structure and behavior of the microscopic world and study modern physics. On the occasion of the 100th anniversary of the establishment of the Exclusion Principle and the 80th anniversary of the Nobel Prize in Physics for this achievement, this article reviews the background of the proposal of the Exclusion Principle, the development process and its application in modern physics, aiming to explore the historical evolution and influence of Pauli and the Exclusion Principle from the foundation of quantum mechanics to modern physics.