模型是解决科学问题的认识论工具，提升建模能力是科学素养发展的关键．现有研究在学生如何理解科学模型和基础教育阶段的建模任务解决等方面取得了进展，但对大学生科学建模测评方面的研究工作还较少．在已有的科学建模理论和测评研究的基础上，该研究以科学建模能力的学习进阶为依据，按照六个步骤开发了大学生建模测评工具．应用项目反应理论中的Rasch模型作为实证数据分析算法，从拟合度、信效度、难度等方面对测评工具进行了质量检验．

Models are essential tools for solving scientific problems, and improving modeling skills is crucial for developing scientific literacy. Current research has made progress in understanding how students grasp scientific models and solve modeling tasks at the basic education level. However, there is still limited work on assessing scientific modeling among university students. Based on existing theories and assessment research in scientific modeling, this study uses the learning progression of scientific modeling as a foundation. The Rasch model from Item Response Theory was used as the empirical data analysis algorithm to evaluate the quality of the assessment tool in terms of fit, reliability, validity, and difficulty.