本文基于大学物理实验中的全息照相实验，对装置进行改进，添加了显微光路，并在参考光路中引入旋转玻片进行连续定量相位调制，实现了相衬显微的功能，并借助改进后的装置对洋葱表皮细胞进行了相衬显微观察，与传统显微的观察结果对比可以清晰观察到液泡、细胞核等传统方式不经染色难以观察的微观结构. 改进后的装置可以直观地向学生展示全息技术在显微方面的应用，具有良好的教学效果.

This article is based on the holography experiment in university physics experiments. The setup has been improved by adding a microscope optical path and introducing a rotating glass slide in the reference optical path for continuous and quantitative phase modulation, thereby achieving the function of phase contrast microscopy. With the improved setup, phase contrast microscopic observation of onion epidermal cells was carried out. Compared with traditional microscopy, cytoplasm, nucleus and other microstructures that are difficult to observe without staining in traditional ways can be observed. The improved setup can clearly show students the application of holography in microscopy, producing positive teaching outcomes．