频率牵引效应是激光理论中非常重要的内容，在经典激光理论中通常利用谐振条件与增益介质色散进行推导和讨论，理解难度较大.而在半经典激光理论中，通过将增益介质的色散按激光频率做一阶展开，可以得到类似“质心公式”的表达式.本文基于这个表达式，建立和讨论频率牵引效应的物理图像，并扩展到更一般的“激光”理论，结合环形激光陀螺和主动光钟两个重要应用案例，帮助学生理解频率牵引效应的物理图像，抓住其物理本质，对提升激光理论中频率牵引效应的教学效果具有一定意义.

Frequency pulling effect is a very important content in laser theory. In classical laser theory, it is usually derived and discussed using laser resonant condition and gain medium dispersion, which is somewhat difficult to understand. In semiclassical laser theory, an expression similar to the “center of mass equation” can be obtained by expanding the gain medium dispersion with laser frequency to the first order. Based on this expression, this paper establishes and discusses the physical picture of frequency pulling effect, and extends it to a more general “laser” theory. With two important teaching cases of ring laser gyroscope and active optical clock, we can help students understand the physical picture and capturing the physical origin of the frequency pulling effect. It has certain reference value for improving the teaching effect of frequency pulling effect.