强电磁场的非线性效应会改变真空的性质.基于欧拉-海森伯非线性电动力学理论，研究了光子在非线性电磁场诱导的等效时空几何中的传播特性.通过研究等效球对称弯曲时空模型，推导出光子运动遵循的方程，并计算了光线在这个等效的球对称引力场中的偏折效应.数值计算表明只有当电荷电量达到1010C数量级时，非线性修正导致的光线偏折角才可能达到弧秒量级.

Based on the Euler-Heisenberg nonlinear electrodynamics theory, we investigate the characteristics of photon propagation in the effective spacetime geometry under strong electromagnetic fields. By constructing a spherically symmetric curved spacetime model, we derive the effective metric equations governing photon motion and calculate the light deflection effect in a spherically symmetric gravitational field. Numerical results indicate that the nonlinear correction-induced deflection angle reaches an observable order of magnitude (arcsecond scale) only when the source charge attains an extremely high value of approximately 1010C.