Abstract: The electron is a fundamental building block of nature. Its charge and spin degrees of freedom are indivisible in isolation. However,in some low- dimensional strongly correlated electronic systems,the interaction between electrons and other particles will lead to the emergence of two different quasiparticles. One of the new particles created,the spinon,carries positive charge and no spin,and the other,the spinon,carries the electron＇s spin. Such phenomenon is called spin- charge separation and adopted to explain high- temperature superconductivity. Recently,the existence of holon and spinon was verified in experiments. Also,an orbiton carrying the property,which arises from the electron＇s motion around the nucleus,was observed. In this article,combined with the progress in experiments,we describe these interesting phenomena.

Key words: low-dimensional strongly correlated electronic systems, quasiparticles, spinon, holon, orbiton