Nowadays，with the development of network communication technology，the wireless sensor networks has been widely used in various industries and social fields，which is becoming more and more perfect and mature. With the continuous breakthrough of its technology，now it becomes one of the three pillar industries of information technology in China with the communication technology and computer technology，and plays a very important role in the industry progress and economic development. However，the wireless sensor technology is composed of a large number of stationary or moving sensors in the basis of a self - organizing way or multi hop wireless network，so it is easily affected by external environment and can not work normally. Therefore，how to design a high efficiency and saving energy and high safety factor of wireless sensor network security protocol has become an important topic in the field of information technology，and it is also a problem. This paper describes the wireless sensor network adjacent node cooperation advantages and security analysis based on this key management scheme from the perspective of the wireless sensor network protocol working mode and network key management perspective，hoping to achieve a security protocol for wireless sensor network break.