Hellmann-Feynman theorem based on ensemble average

CHEN Li-hua1; FAN Hong-yi 2

doi:10.16854 /j.cnki.1000-0712.180209

College Physics >

2018 , Vol. 37 >Issue 11: 4 - 5

DOI: https://doi.org/10.16854 /j.cnki.1000-0712.180209

Hellmann-Feynman theorem based on ensemble average

CHEN Li-hua1 ,
FAN Hong-yi 2

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1. College of Mechanic and Electronic Engineering，Wuyi University，Wuyishan，Fujian 354300，China; 2. Department of Material Science and Engineering，University of Science and Technology of China，Hefei，Anhui 230026，China

Received date: 2018-03-31

Revised date: 2018-05-24

Online published: 2018-11-20

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Abstract

The paper discusses how to extend the Hellmann-Feynman (H-F) theorem，which is just suitable for the pure state average，to the case of mixed state as ensemble average. Some applications of the generalized H-F theorem are presented.

Key words： ensemble average; generalized Hellmann-Feynman theorem

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CHEN Li-hua1 , FAN Hong-yi 2 . Hellmann-Feynman theorem based on ensemble average[J]. College Physics, 2018 , 37(11) : 4 -5 . DOI: 10.16854 /j.cnki.1000-0712.180209

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