More than 50 years ago，in his doctoral thesis，the young German physicist Rudolf Ludwig Mössbauer proposed the Mössbauer effect，which developed into Mössbauer spectroscopy. His discovery of the recoilless resonance effect of gamma rays emitted and absorbed energy was awarded the Nobel Prize in physics in 1961. His discovery led to the development of a new test technique for the ultrafine interaction between nuclear moments and electromagnetic fields. This method，with an accuracy of 1013 orders of magnitude，can be used to anayze the valence，symmetry，magnetic behavior，phase transitions，lattice vibrations，and many other solid properties of matter.