An effective method of measuring the velocity of sound in metal rods is
introduced by combining the
standing wave method with acoustic sensors. A metal rod is fixed at its
midpoint and vibration along its length is excited
by rubbing it. A longitudinal standing wave is generated in the rod and
sound waves are produced in the air.
The digital information system ( DIS) is used to collect the sound signal
and directly to display acoustic wave forms
on the screen. The velocity of sound in the metal rod is then calculated
and determined by measuring the fundamental
frequency of sound waves in conjunction with the wavelength. The sound
velocity in four different metal materials
( including aluminum,steel,brass,and copper) is measured respectively. The
experimental results showed that the
sound velocity obtained by this method is consistent in the same material
metal rods of different lengths. The relative error of the sound velocity
between the measured values and the well-known standard values in various metal
materials
is less than 6.00%. One advantage of this new method is that it can turn
the acoustic signal into visible waveforms.
Therefore,calculation parameters can be extracted directly and accurately
from the waveforms.