In view of the shortcomings of the existing teaching experimental device of measuring the thermal conductivity of poor conductor by steady－state method，the existing teaching experimental device was intelligently improved by combining the single－chip microcomputer control system with python languageprogramming． The STC15F2K60S2 single－chip microcomputer was used as the main controlchip． DS18B20 temperature sensor， solid－state relayand NＲF24L01 wireless transceiver module were used to form the controlsystem．NＲF24L01 wire-less transceiver module was used to form the control system，and the upper computer software waswritten． The im-proved experimental device could automatically control the temperature of heating plate，automatically collect the temperature of heat dissipation plate， quickly and accurately calculate the thermal conductivity of poorconductors． The device improved the measurement accuracy and efficiency．