Taking polarization of light as an example, the discussion on teaching of college physics course and ideological and political mode based on physical process is introduced, and the ideological and political strategy of college physics curriculum with the cultivation of scientific cognitive ability as the core are explored. Taking polarization phenomenon as the lead, its physical principle is explored, and then the related theoretical knowledge of light polarization is given. Finally, it expands the applications of polarizing devices and astronomical compasses of polarized light, as well as the application of scientific and technological frontiers such as the observation of polarized light by FAST. The whole teaching process accords with the order of scientific cognition, cultivating students- ability of scientific thinking and scientific research in imperceptible way, reflects the core of ideological and political education in physics courses of science and technology universities.