By collecting data of Nobel laureates in physics from 1901 to 2024 from Nobel prize official records and literature, this paper analyzes 8 factors, e.g., gender distribution, nationality patterns, and award-age statistics. Statistical evidence indicates a pronounced shift toward international collaboration in groundbreaking research, with balanced emphasis on both experimental validation and theoretical frameworks. The findings demonstrate an ongoing transition in physics frontiers—from specialized domains to interdisciplinary synthesis—highlighting implications for STEM education reform and research competency development. Emerging focal areas are quantitatively identified, particularly in quantum technologies, particle and high energy physics, and condensed matter.