Apparent charge of a moving point charge and the Lienard-Wiechert potential

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  • School of Space Science and Technology, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong 264209, China

Received date: 2025-06-30

  Revised date: 2025-10-03

  Online published: 2026-07-11

Abstract

The retarded potential of a continuous charge distribution and the Lienard-Wiechert potential of a moving point charge are both key and challenging topics in undergraduate electrodynamics courses. This study constructs examples of continuous charge distributions analytically solvable with elementary mathematics, and presents graphical analyses of the charge distribution and total charge perceived by an observer. These examples are intended to aid in understanding the semi-intuitive derivation of the Lienard–Wiechert potential as presented in Griffiths classic textbook. This work helps clarify that the perceived charge is unrelated to relativistic length contraction, provides an intuitive picture of the finite speed of electromagnetic interaction transmission, and deepens the understanding of point charges in classical electrodynamics. 


Cite this article

LI Bo, YU Hui . Apparent charge of a moving point charge and the Lienard-Wiechert potential[J]. College Physics, 2026 , 45(4) : 34 . DOI: 10.16854/j.cnki.1000-0712.250338

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