University physics courses is an important general foundational course for science and engineering students in institutions of higher learning. It features extensive knowledge, rigorous logic, a scientific system, and profound cultural connotations, thus having significant advantages in ideological and political education through courses. Taking the construction of ideological and political education in the college physics course at Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai campus as an example, this paper explores the teaching strategies and educational approaches for excavating ideological and political elements in the university physics courses. The course team adheres to the teaching philosophy of “morality education first, student-oriented, ability-focused, and continuous improvement”. With a focus on production and life applications as the guide, and the connection between college physics knowledge and junior and senior high school physics knowledge as the starting point, it attaches equal importance to moral education and intellectual education, promotes the integration of liberal arts and sciences, expands cutting-edge applications, and constructs a course content framework that is “enjoyable, interesting, and useful”. Drawing on the “5E” teaching model of deep learning, it constructs a “student-centered” five-in-one approach of “guidance, lecture, consolidation, expansion, and evaluation” to realize the value leadership role of the course itself, achieving a meaningful and insightful ideological and political education.