大学物理 ›› 2017, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (12): 34-36.doi: 10.16854/j.cnki.1000-0712.2017.12.009

• 物理实验 • 上一篇    下一篇

千分表法测量金属线胀系数实验分析

谢 宁,李华振,张 季   

  1. 新疆工程学院基础教研部,新疆乌鲁木齐 830023
  • 收稿日期:2017-05-03 修回日期:2017-06-26 出版日期:2017-12-20 发布日期:2017-12-20
  • 作者简介:谢宁(1988—),男,新疆乌鲁木齐人,新疆工程学院基础部实验师,硕士,主要从事大学物理实验教学和研
  • 基金资助:
    新疆工程学院科研基金项目(2014xgy031612)资助

The experimental analysis for measuring linear expansion coefficient of metal by the dial indicator

XIE Ning,LI Hua-zhen,ZHANG Ji   

  1. Basic Department,Xinjiang Institute of Engineering,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830023,China
  • Received:2017-05-03 Revised:2017-06-26 Online:2017-12-20 Published:2017-12-20

摘要: 为提高FD-LEA-B型线膨胀系数实验仪测量金属线胀系数的实验精度,实验采用千分表法测得20~50℃区间 铜棒伸长量随温度变化的关系,利用Origin软件分析不同控温方式对测量结果的影响,分析结果得出:针对FD-LEA-B型 线膨胀系数实验仪的课堂教学采用持续升温,温度每隔2℃读取一次伸长量为最佳的测量方式,用最小二乘法对测量结果线 性拟合,得出铜的线胀系数为16.0×10-6℃-1.

Abstract: An efficient scheme is demonstrated to improve the experimental accuracy of metal linear expansion coefficient with the FD-LEA-B instrument.In this scheme,the dial gauge method is used to measure the elongation of Copper sample changing with the temperature from 20℃to 50℃.In addition, the application of Origin software is used to analyze the measurement results at different heating processes.The result shows that measuring the elongation of Copper sample with the interval of 2℃in the process of persistent overheating is the most desirable way for the FD-LEA-B instrument.Adopted the least square method to fit the measurement results linearly,the Copper sample's linear expansion coefficient is 16.0×10-6℃-1.

Key words: dial gauge method, linear expansion coefficient, least square method, application of Origin software