大学物理 ›› 2024, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (3): 34-.doi: 10.16854/j.cnki.1000-0712.230145

• 大学生园地 • 上一篇    下一篇

转动杆上黏性流体承载量的探究

秦毅轩,顾逸琳,罗家丽,夏成杰,张  杰,王春梅   

  1. 华东师范大学物理与电子科学学院,上海200241
  • 收稿日期:2023-04-17 修回日期:2023-05-09 出版日期:2024-05-13 发布日期:2024-05-22
  • 作者简介:秦毅轩(2002—),男,河北邯郸人,华东师范大学物理与电子科学学院2021级本科生.

On the capacity of viscous fluid on rotating rod

QIN Yi-xuan, GU Yi-lin, LUO Jia-li, XIA Cheng-jie, ZHANG Jie, WANG Chun-mei   

  1. School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
  • Received:2023-04-17 Revised:2023-05-09 Online:2024-05-13 Published:2024-05-22

摘要: 转动一根裹有黏性流体(如蜂蜜)的杆,杆上可以保留部分液体不滴落. 针对此现象,之前理论研究大多基于N-S方程求解,无法直观解释现象发生的物理机理. 本文在理论上创新性地采用类似量纲分析的方法,通过受力分析,避免了复杂冗长的流体力学方程求解,得到了由重力、黏性力、离心力、表面张力共同作用、交互主导的简洁理论模型;实验上,通过搭建稳定装置及合理控制变量,得到自洽的实验数据. 理论分析与实验结果吻合度高,直观解释了转动杆上黏性流体不滴落的物理本质与关键因素. 

关键词: 流体力学, 涂层流, 黏性流体, 表面张力, 离心作用

Abstract: By turning a rod covered with a viscous liquid (e.g.. honey), some of the liquid can be retained on the rod without dripping. For this phenomenon, most previous theories are based on the N-S equations, which cannot clearly explain the physical mechanisms of the phenomenon. In this paper, a simple theoretical model of the phenomenon dominated by viscous force, centrifugal force, gravity and surface tension is obtained through a simple force analysis and a method similar to dimensional analysis, which avoids the complex and lengthy solution of the hydrodynamic equations; Experimentally, self-consistent experimental data are obtained through the construction of a stable device and reasonable control of variables. The experimental results are in good contrast with the theory, and the physical mechanisms and key factors of the non-dripping of viscous liquid on the rotating rod are explained intuitively. The theoretical analysis is in good agreement with the experimental results, and the physical nature and key factors for the non-dripping of viscous liquids on rotating rods are explained intuitively.

Key words:  , fluid mechanics, coating flow, viscous liquid, surface tension, centrifugal effect