大学物理 ›› 2026, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (7): 45-.doi: 10.16854/j.cnki.1000-0712.250713

• 物理实验 • 上一篇    

单晶硅太阳能电池在复杂工况下的输出特性研究

关欣洲,王昌欣,罗云荣,杨雨睿,邓畅   

  1. 湖南师范大学 物理与电子科学学院,湖南 长沙410081
  • 收稿日期:2025-12-11 接受日期:2025-12-21 出版日期:2026-09-22 发布日期:2026-10-14
  • 作者简介:关欣洲(2004—),男,山东济南人,湖南师范大学物理系2023级本科生.

  • 基金资助:
    国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202510542020,S202410542012);湖南师范大学腾龙拔尖创新人才培养基金(2025TL104);湖南师范大学教学改革研究项目(JG2025020)

Study of the Output Characteristics of single crystalline Silicon#br# Solar Cells under Complex Operating Conditions#br#

GUAN Xinzhou, WANG Changxin, LUO Yunrong, YANG Yurui, DENG Chang    

  1. School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan
  • Received:2025-12-11 Accepted:2025-12-21 Online:2026-09-22 Published:2026-10-14
  • About author:

摘要: 本文主要研究单晶硅太阳能电池在实际工作时温度波动与入射光角度变化对其输出特性的影响,通过建立载流子输运模型与等效垂直入射模型,实现光功率变量的有效分离,揭示了入射光角度与太阳能电池表面温差对其输出性能的主导作用. 实验结果表明,在垂直照射条件下,短路电流随太阳能电池温度升高先快速下降后线性上升,且负载功率随太阳能电池表面温差的增大而减小;当入射光角度为30°时,负载功率出现显著高于等效垂直照射的反常现象;进一步研究表明,该现象源于金属-半导体界面表面等离激元共振对光吸收的增强. 这些结果不仅加深了人们对太阳能电池工作机制的理解,也丰富了大学物理实验教学的内容. 

关键词: 单晶硅太阳能电池, 入射光角度, 温度效应, 光电输出性能, 表面等离极化激元

Abstract: This study examines how temperature fluctuations and incident light angles affect the output of monocrystalline silicon solar cells during operation. Using carrier transport and equivalent vertical incidence models to decouple optical variables, we reveal that incident angle and surface temperature difference dominate performance. Results show that under vertical irradiation, short-circuit current first drops then rises linearly with temperature, while load power decreases with greater temperature difference. At 30° incidence, load power exceeds vertical irradiation due to enhanced absorption from surface plasmon resonance at the metal-semiconductor interface. These findings advance the understanding of solar cell mechanisms and enrich undergraduate physics laboratory teaching.


Key words: Single crystalline silicon solar cells, Angle of incidence, temperature effect, photoelectric output performance, Surface plasmon polaritons