大学物理 ›› 2021, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (6): 19-.doi: 10.16854 / j.cnki.1000-0712.200527

• 教学讨论 • 上一篇    下一篇

MATLAB 在量子力学学习中的应用

周群益,莫云飞,周丽丽,侯兆阳   

  1. 1. 广州理工学院,广东 广州 510540; 2. 长沙学院 电子信息与电气工程学院,湖南 长沙 410022; 3.赣南医学院 信息工程学院,江西 赣州 341000; 4.长安大学 理学院应用物理系,陕西 西安 710064
  • 收稿日期:2020-12-07 修回日期:2021-01-19 出版日期:2021-06-20 发布日期:2021-06-18
  • 基金资助:
    广东省高校科研特色创新项目( 2020KTSCX209) ; 国家自然科学基金 ( 12004053) 资助 作者简介: 周群益( 1955—),男,湖南衡阳人,广州理工学院副教授,主要从事凝聚态物理研究工作.通信作者: 莫云飞,E-mail: moyunfei8899@ ccsu.edu.cn

Application of MATLAB to the study of quantum mechanics

ZHOU Qun-yi¹,MO Yun-fei²,ZHOU Li-li⁴,HOU Zhao-yang³   

  1. 1. Guangzhou Institute of Science and Technology,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510540,China; 2. School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering,Changsha University,Changsha,Hunan 410022,China;3. Department of Information Engineering,Gannan Medical University,Ganzhou,Jiangxi 341000,China; 4. School of Science,Chang’an University,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710064,China
  • Received:2020-12-07 Revised:2021-01-19 Online:2021-06-20 Published:2021-06-18

摘要: 指出了《工科量子力学学习中的常用数学工具》一文中的一些差错,列出了正确的公式. 量子力学的公式比较多,解决计算问题的最佳工具应该是 MATLAB.用 MATLAB 说明了极限的算法,积分的算法,常微分方程的解法,狄拉克函数的表示和算法,伽玛函数和贝塔函数的用法,特殊函数的算法. 以一维线性谐振子为例,说明了 MATLAB 在量子力学中的应用. MATLAB 还能计算氢原子中电子出现的概率密度,并用图形表现出来.

关键词: 量子力学, 数学工具, MATLAB

Abstract: This paper points out some errors in the article of “Commonly using

mathematical tools in the course of quantum mechanics”and lists the correct formula. There are

many formulas in quantum mechanics,while the optimal tool for solving calculation problems should

be MATLAB. In this paper,with help of MATLAB,we have illustrated the algorithm of limit,the

algorithm of integration,the solution of ordinary differential equations,the representation

and algorithm of Dirac function,the usage of gamma function and beta function,and the algorithm of

special functions. One-dimensional linear harmonic oscillator has been taken as an example,which

can reflect the application of MATLAB in quantum mechanics. MATLAB can also calculate and show the

graphics about the proba- bility density of the emergence of electrons in hydrogen atoms.

Key words: quantum mechanics, mathematical tool, MATLAB