大学物理 ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (6): 20-.doi: 10.16854/j.cnki.1000-0712.240416
• 教学讨论 • 上一篇 下一篇
FAN Weijie, SANG Zhifang
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摘要： 以木块与木质桌面及汽车轮胎与地面间的摩擦为例，分析了水量对物体间摩擦力的影响机理.分析表明，移动木块时，需要附加力破坏水在木块凹槽间的表面能，随着水量的增多，附加力与其对应的摩擦力随水量的增多先增大后减小；汽车在积有水层的路面行驶时，受到水层的冲击力减小轮胎对地面的压力，从而减小摩擦力，水层越厚，行驶速度越快，轮胎与地面间摩擦力越小.
关键词: 摩擦力, 表面能, 机理
Abstract: Taking the friction between the wooden block and the wooden desktop and the car tires and the ground as an example, the mechanism of the influence of the amount of water on the friction between the objects is analyzed. Analysis shows that the surface energy of water between the grooves in the wooden block will produce additional friction, the additional force and its corresponding friction force increase and then decrease with the increase in water volume; car driving in the presence of water film on the road surface, the impact of the water film reduces the pressure of the tires on the ground, thus reducing friction, the thicker the water film, the faster the driving speed, the smaller the friction between the tires and the ground.
Key words: friction, surface energy, mechanism
范伟杰, 桑芝芳. 水对物体间摩擦力的影响机理分析[J]. 大学物理, 2025, 44(6): 20-.
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链接本文: https://dxwl.bnu.edu.cn/CN/10.16854/j.cnki.1000-0712.240416
https://dxwl.bnu.edu.cn/CN/Y2025/V44/I6/20
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