大学物理 ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (2): 41-.doi: 10.16854/j.cnki.1000-0712.240169

• 教学讨论 • 上一篇    下一篇

作为极限情况的 δ 函数势阱束缚态问题

张印杰,阎玉立   

  1. 1. 河北大学 物理科学与技术学院,河北 保定0710022
  • 收稿日期:2024-04-08 修回日期:2024-06-23 出版日期:2025-04-18 发布日期:2025-04-28
  • 作者简介:张印杰(1978 -),男,河北衡水人,河北大学物理科学与技术学院副教授,博士,主要从事理论物理的教学和研究工作.
  • 基金资助:
    河北大学第十批教育教学改革研究项目(2023XJJG068)资助

The problem of δ function potential bound state as the limit case of two solvable potentials

ZHANG Yinjie, YAN Yuli   

  1. College of Physics Science and Technology,Hebei University,Baoding,Hebei 071002,China
  • Received:2024-04-08 Revised:2024-06-23 Online:2025-04-18 Published:2025-04-28

摘要: 根据δ函数广义函数的特征,给出了δ函数的一些极限表达式.从这些表达式中选取了可与δ函数势阱对应的方形势阱和双曲正割的平方函数势阱,这两个势阱取极限后趋于δ函数势阱.这两个势阱中的束缚态问题可严格求解.对这些严格解取极限后,其束缚态能级和波函数与δ函数势阱的结果一致. 

关键词: δ函数, 束缚态, 能级, 波函数

Abstract: According to the characteristic of δ function, it can be treated as the limits of some distribution functions. A few of such functions are given. From these functions, δ function potential can be treated as the limit of square-well potential and the square of sech function potential. The bound state problem of these potential can be solved exactly. The bound state energy and eigenfunction of δ function potential are exactly the limit of corresponding results of these potentials.

Key words: δ function, bound state, energy level, wave function