关键词: 液体表面张力, 离子晶体表面, 水, 分子动力学模拟

Abstract:  Whether in high school or university physics education，students often find it difficult to understand the microscopic mechanism of liquid surface tension. Currently，it is also challenging to observe the microscopic structure of the surface experimentally，making the revelation of the microscopic mechanism of liquid surface tension a persistent scientific problem. To gain a deeper understanding and exploration of this scientific issue，based on the basic principles analogous to solid surface reconstruction and through dynamic simulation methods，we explore that liquid surface tension arises from the increased intermolecular distances in the liquid surface layer，with molecules exhibiting attractive forces between each other. Therefore，there exists a tangential tension on the surface.

Key words:  liquid surface tension, ion crystal surface, water, molecular dynamics simulation