大学物理 ›› 2026, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (4): 16-.

• 教学研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

几何电感对并联超导电路中电流分配的影响

章建高   

  1. 1. 华南师范大学 物理学院 广东省量子工程与量子材料重点实验室 广东省物质结构与基本相互作用基础研究中心,广州510006; 
    2. 华南师范大学 前沿物理研究院,粤港量子物质联合实验室,广州510006
  • 收稿日期:2025-07-09 修回日期:2025-09-06 出版日期:2026-07-06 发布日期:2026-07-11
  • 作者简介:章建高(1965—),男,江西省抚州市人,华南师范大学物理学院材料物理系、物理教育研究所副教授,主要从事先进陶瓷材料、超导材料及磁性材料的研究.

Effect of inductance on current distribution in a parallel superconducting circuit

ZHANG Jiangao1,2   

  1. 1. Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Structure and Fundamental Interactions of Matter, Guangdong 
    Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Materials, School of Physics, South China Normal University; Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China; 
    2. GuangdongHong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matter, Frontier Research Institute for Physics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Gungdong 510006, China
  • Received:2025-07-09 Revised:2025-09-06 Online:2026-07-06 Published:2026-07-11

摘要: 在正常态导体组成的并联电路中,电流的分配与各支路的电阻成反比.超导体没有电阻,在由超导体组成的并联电路中电流是如何分配的?由于超导电流测量的复杂性,这个基础性的问题长期处于被忽视的状态.由于并联电路中必定存在电感,在正常态下电感对并联电路中电流分配的影响往往被忽略,而在超导状态下可能成为影响电流分配的主要因素.为从实验上证实这一结论,在本研究中设计了一个测量并联超导电路中的电流分配的实验装置,在该装置中应用霍尔效应传感器测量电流强度,避免对并联超导电路零电阻特性的破坏.实验结果证实,并联超导电路中的电流分配与各支路的电感成反比.

关键词: 并联超导电路, 电流分配, 霍尔传感器, 铜氧化物超导体

Abstract: There is no electrical resistance in the superconductor. This raises the question of how the current is distributed in a parallel superconducting circuit. In this study, we derive and experimentally verify the governing rule for the current distribution in parallel superconducting circuits. A measurement system is designed to accurately assess the current distribution in the parallel superconducting circuits. Hall effect detectors are employed to measure the current intensity to prevent damage to the zero electrical resistivity of the parallel circuits. The experimental results confirm that the current distribution in parallel superconducting circuits is inversely proportional to their inductance.

Key words: superconductivity, hall sensor, parallel circuit, cuprate