关键词: 杨氏模量, 拉伸法, 小型化, 自动化

Abstract: Measuring Young’s modulus by the tensile method constitutes a classic experiment in college physics experiments teaching. Nevertheless, conventional methodologies exhibit significant limitations, including cumbersome operational procedures, challenges in force regulation, and prolonged experimental duration. To address these issues, this study presents a systematic redesign of the experimental apparatus. Specifically, the deformation length of the metal wire is measured by connecting it to a digital micrometer gauge, and a tension sensor is employed to measure the magnitude of the pulling force, thus designing a set of miniaturized and automated measuring devices. Compared with the traditional optical lever method, the relative combined uncertainty of this experiment is reduced to approximately 2%, achieving higher precision while meeting the measurement objectives. Additionally, it realizes automated data collection, significantly enhancing the experimental efficiency. 

Key words: Young’s modulus, tensile method, miniaturization, automation