里德堡原子具有较大的电偶极矩，对外界电场极为敏感，能够用于电场强度的精确测量. 里德堡原子电磁感应透明（EIT）光谱在微波作用下产生的Autler-Townes（AT）分裂间隔与微波电场强度成正比，通过对该分裂间隔进行测量，即可得到电场强度的测量值. 本文基于铷原子的EIT-AT光谱实现了微波电场的测量，最小可测电场强度为3.7 mV/cm. 本实验在大学物理实验教学中有着重要的应用价值：其一，学生能够借助该实验掌握原子光谱、电磁感应透明以及量子精密测量等相关知识，从而深刻领会相关理论的内涵；其二，通过自主构建实验装置，学生在光电实验方面的动手能力可以得到有效提高. 本文所展示的实验装置构造简单，易于搭建，非常适用于本科综合物理的实验教学. 

Rydberg atoms possess a large electric dipole moment and are highly sensitive to external electric fields, making them suitable for precise measurements of electric field strength. The electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT)AutlerTownes (AT) splitting effect based on Rydberg atoms exhibits a splitting width proportional to the target microwave electric field strength, serving as the primary atomicbased traceability standard for microwave electric field measurements. Experimental results demonstrate that the minimum measurable electric field strength of the AT splittingbased microwave electric field sensor is 3.7 mV/cm. This experiment holds significant value in university physics laboratory teaching: on one hand, students can gain a deeper understanding of atomic spectroscopy and electromagnetically induced transparency, enhancing their theoretical knowledge; on the other hand, by independently constructing the experimental setup, students’ handson skills are notably improved. The experimental apparatus presented in this paper is simple in structure, easy to assemble, and highly suitable for teaching purposes.