关键词: 里德堡原子, 电磁感应透明, Autler-Townes分裂, 微波电场计

Abstract: Rydberg atoms possess a large electric dipole moment and are highly sensitive to external electric fields, making them suitable for precise measurements of electric field strength. The electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT)AutlerTownes (AT) splitting effect based on Rydberg atoms exhibits a splitting width proportional to the target microwave electric field strength, serving as the primary atomicbased traceability standard for microwave electric field measurements. Experimental results demonstrate that the minimum measurable electric field strength of the AT splittingbased microwave electric field sensor is 3.7 mV/cm. This experiment holds significant value in university physics laboratory teaching: on one hand, students can gain a deeper understanding of atomic spectroscopy and electromagnetically induced transparency, enhancing their theoretical knowledge; on the other hand, by independently constructing the experimental setup, students’ handson skills are notably improved. The experimental apparatus presented in this paper is simple in structure, easy to assemble, and highly suitable for teaching purposes.

Key words: Rydberg atom, electromagnetically induced transparency, AutlerTownes splitting, microwave electriometry