Abstract: Based on the method of vector analysis, a general theory of polarization and magnetization of electromagnetic media is built, the generalized vectors of polarization and magnetization are appropriately derived to describe the distribution of bound charges and bound currents. Without the circular current model and electric dipole mode, the quantitative relations between the distribution of bound charges/bound currents and polarization/magnetization are obtained more directly. In the macroscopic electromagnetism, both the molecular circular current model and magnetic dipole model can be employed to interpret the magnetic effects of spin magnetic moment.

Key words: Maxwell equations, electromagnetic medium, polarization and magnetization, spin magnetic moment