Abstract: The famous painting“A Panorama of Rivers and Mountains”of the Northern Song Dynasty collected

in the Palace Museum is well known to the public through CCTV's program: The Nation's Greatest Treasures. The

painting was regarded as a giant masterpiece in the blue-green landscape painting. Although it has gone through

nearly a thousand years，it is still brilliant as usual，the secret of which was that all the pigments were made of

gemstone minerals. According to the principle of physical chemistry，the chromatic mechanism of these pigments is

revealed one by one in this paper. This kind of crossover thinking could not only stimulate interest in learning，but

also could realize the perfect combination of modern science education and traditional culture.

Key words: chromatic mechanism, graphite, ochre, malachite, chessylite