大学物理 ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (4): 1-.doi: 10.16854/j.cnki.1000-0712.250073

• 专家视点 •    下一篇

用物理学思维点亮人工智能的未来——解读 2024 年诺贝尔物理学奖

吴迪,马滟青   

  1. 1. 北京大学 科学研究部,北京100781,2. 北京大学 物理学院,北京100781
  • 收稿日期:2025-02-18 修回日期:2025-03-04 出版日期:2025-06-25 发布日期:2025-07-01
  • 作者简介:吴迪(1989—),女,河南驻马店人,北京大学科学研究部助理研究员,博士,主要从事科研管理工作.
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金No. 12325503, 北京大学2023年度创新创业教育研究课题 立项号2023YB05.

Lighting up the Future of Artificial Intelligence with Physics Thinking — Deciphering the 2024 Nobel Prize in Physics

WUDi1,MAYan-qing2   

  1. 1. The Office of Scientific Research,2. School of Physics,Peking University,Beijing 100781,China
  • Received:2025-02-18 Revised:2025-03-04 Online:2025-06-25 Published:2025-07-01

摘要: 2024年诺贝尔物理学奖授予了物理学家、生物学家霍普菲尔德(John J. Hopfield)和计算机科学家辛顿(Geoffrey E. Hinton),以表彰他们在人工神经网络领域的基础性发现和发明.很多人对此感到惊讶,疑惑诺贝尔物理学奖为何授予人工智能方向,甚至有人发出 “物理学不存在了”的疑问.本文将深入剖析物理学与人工智能之间千丝万缕的联系,解读本次诺贝尔物理学奖颁发的原因,以及探讨其对未来产生的深远影响.

关键词: 2024诺贝尔物理学奖, 人工智能, 霍普菲尔德网络, 能量, 玻耳兹曼分布

Abstract: The 2024 Nobel Prize in Physics has been awarded to physicist and biologist John J. Hopfield and computer scientist Geoffrey E. Hinton in recognition of their fundamental discoveries and inventions in the field of artificial neural networks. Many were surprised by this decision, questioning why the Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded for advancements in artificial intelligence, with some even pondering whether “physics has ceased to exist.” This article will delve into the intricate connections between physics and artificial intelligence, interpret the rationale behind this year’s Nobel Prize in Physics, and explore its profound impact on the future.

Key words:  2024 Nobel Prize in Physics, Artificial Intelligence, Hopfield Network, Energy, Boltzmann Distribution