College Physics ›› 2026, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (7): 7-.doi: 10.16854/j.cnki.1000-0712.250498
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FAN Zhiqiang, PAN Ousi, CHEN Jincan, SU Shanhe
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Abstract: Bose gases hold significant research importance in statistical physics and quantum thermodynamics, as their energy distribution characteristics directly determine the thermodynamic behavior of systems. This paper focuses on ideal Bose systems in equilibrium states and derives a universal expression for variousorder energy moments (i.e., power averages of energy) based on the features of BoseEinstein integrals. This expression achieves a unified characterization of energy statistical properties in Bose systems without relying on system dimensionality or distinguishing between relativistic and nonrelativistic frameworks. The obtained results provide a simple and effective analytical method for the indepth study of physical quantities such as the average number of excited particles, the average energy, and the energy fluctuations in bosonic systems. Additionally, through specific model validations, this paper confirms the correctness and applicability of the expression, demonstrating its broad applicability and potential for generalization in quantum statistical computations and thermodynamic analyses.
Key words: quantum statistics, Boson, energy moments, BoseEinstein integral
FAN Zhiqiang, PAN Ousi, CHEN Jincan, SU Shanhe. Universal expression for variousorder energy moments in Bose gases[J].College Physics, 2026, 45(7): 7-.
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URL: https://dxwl.bnu.edu.cn/EN/10.16854/j.cnki.1000-0712.250498
https://dxwl.bnu.edu.cn/EN/Y2026/V45/I7/7
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