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Table of Content
20 October 2011 Volume 30 Issue 10
著者文摘
＂Direction of time＂ for thermodynamics
. 2011, 30(10): 1-1.
Abstract
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707
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416
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Several explains for microcosmic reversibility but macroscopical irreversibility of thermodynamics are discussed.
Adiabatic atmosphere model based on Van der Waals gas
. 2011, 30(10): 5-5.
Abstract
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700
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(252KB) (
377
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The distributions of atmosphere temperature and pressure along the altitude are deduced within the adiabatic atmosphere model based on Van der Waals gas. Results are compared with those of ideal gas.
Study and numerical simulation for quantum tunneling characteristics in asymmetric potential barrier
. 2011, 30(10): 7-7.
Abstract
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822
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(425KB) (
478
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The quantum mechanical method for the asymmetric double-barrier problem is too complicated to calculate,we study quantum tunneling characteristics of electron in both asymmetric single-potential barrier and double-barrier structures by using the transfer matrix method.The simple formula of transmission rate are obtained for two cases.The numerical results show that good conductivity switching effect appears in both single-barrier and double-barrier structures under the appropriate parameters.It is also shown that the transmission coefficient appears quantum oscillation if the incident electron energy is greater than the barrier height.We hope that the present results can provide reference value for R D in electronic devices.
The influence of Rashba spin-orbit interaction on the electron confined in a one-dimensional harmonic oscillator potential
. 2011, 30(10): 11-11.
Abstract
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717
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(327KB) (
251
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The influence of Rashba spin-orbit interaction on the electron confined in a one-dimensional harmonic oscillator potential is discussed.It is found that such a spin-orbit interaction can induce the spin flip among energy levels,and the behaviors of the spin flip depend tightly on the relation between the spin-orbit coefficient and the coordinate of the system.
Complement to＂Vibration of a flexible rod with one end subject to air resistance＂
. 2011, 30(10): 15-15.
Abstract
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638
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(404KB) (
308
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The vibration of a flexible rod with one end subjected to air damping is discussed in the framework of the usual method of separation of variables.A new type of eigenproblem is solved and complex eigenvalues and eigenfunctions are obtained.The eigenfunctions themselves are not orthogonal mutually,but they can be combined to construct a complete and orthogonal system of functions.Therefore,the vibration of the rod can be determined by the initial conditions.The validity of this approach is analysed to probe its theoretical meaning.Some questions are suggested and attempt is pursued to find a partial answers of them.
A interesting topic on the experiment at the tower of Pisa
. 2011, 30(10): 20-20.
Abstract
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786
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(161KB) (
420
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The experiment at the tower of Pisa is analysed theoretically.
Frog levitation： an astonishing and intriguing experiment but only requiring the knowledge of classical physics
. 2011, 30(10): 22-22.
Abstract
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1639
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(381KB) (
809
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By using the basic knowledge of mechanics and electromagnetism,we discuss the reasons why a charged particle,electrical dipole,dielectric,magnetic dipole,or paramagnetic material can not be suspended stably in a field and why a diamagnetic material can.Further,we introduce the details of the frog levitation experiment,which has been carried out by Geim,and its background physics.The explorations of such problem will not only intrigue students regarding to its perspective applications but also deepen their understanding to electrostatics and magnetism.
The capacitance and electrostatic energy of a revolving ellipsoidal capacitor
. 2011, 30(10): 25-25.
Abstract
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840
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(236KB) (
588
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A new approach to solve the capacitance and electrostatic energy of a revolving ellipsoidal capacitor is introduced.
The electric charge density distribution of a charged conducting definite straight-wire
. 2011, 30(10): 28-28.
Abstract
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985
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(162KB) (
495
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The density distribution of a charged conducting definite straight-wire is obtained by several ways.The result shows that the electric charge density distribution is inhomogeneous.
Quantitative optic experiments of diffraction and interference based on spatial light modulator and CCD camera
. 2011, 30(10): 30-30.
Abstract
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864
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PDF
(946KB) (
587
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Using the spatial light modulator（SLM） and CCD camera to substitute the traditional lithographic masks and white screens,a novel quantitative diffractive and interferential optics experimental system is developed.Slits,apertures and other patterns generated by plotting software of personal computer are sent to the SLM,their far field diffractive and interferential images are acquired by CCD camera,which are then processed and analyzed quantitatively by personal computer.Slits and apertures＇ diffraction formulas can be proved by this method.The diffractive and interferential images of abnormal-shaped apertures which are complex distributed may also be observed,stored, measured and analyzed conveniently.
The reason and improvement of the obscure in the filed of vision through rule-read telescope in light lever experiment
. 2011, 30(10): 34-34.
Abstract
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1172
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(272KB) (
349
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The cause of the partially un-sharp field of view for rule-read telescope,which often occurs in light lever experiment,is analyzed and verified experimentally.It is proved that the reason is bias light enters rule-read telescope and reduces the contrast of the ruler＇s image.It is suggested that slowly adjust objective lens to fit the un-sharp area should be improved.
Determining Boltzmann constant with fluorescent spectroscopy
. 2011, 30(10): 36-36.
Abstract
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886
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PDF
(368KB) (
287
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The Boltzmann constant kB is used in the new definition of temperature unit-Kelvin.In this article,the fluorescent spectroscopic method is introduced to determine this constant.Population of electrons in thermal coupled levels of phosphors can be described with the Boltzmann distribution.Based on temperature dependent photoluminescence of a phosphor,the Boltzmann constant is derived from the relationship between measured relative intensity and temperature.Relationship between kB and hc（the Planck constant multiplying light speed in vacuum） is derived from experimental measurement.The determined Boltzmann constant shows ～0.2% divergence upon the value recommended by CODATA in the year 2006.
Measurement of Planck＇s constant by charging capacitance
. 2011, 30(10): 39-39.
Abstract
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785
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(269KB) (
695
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We develop a method for measuring the cut-off voltage of a photoelectric tube by charging capacitance from the photocurrent produced by the photoelectric tube.In our experiment,LED with different color is used as light sources,and a data acquisition system of computer is used for measuring the cut-off voltage of the photoelectric tube.The difference between the measured and the standard Plank＇s constant is found to be within 3%.
SA Ben-dong——a famous physicist
. 2011, 30(10): 42-42.
Abstract
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828
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(792KB) (
669
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SA Ben-dong,who accomplished his education in physics earlier than others,was a renowned physicist,electronic machinery engineering specialist and educationalist in the modern China,devoted himself to scientific research and higher education with brilliant achievements.After a brief account of his family background and life,this article dwells upon SA Ben-dong＇s significant contributions to science research and higher education as well as his educational thought and style of work.
A discussion of Chinese college physics teaching reform upon reviewing UIUC college physics teaching programs
. 2011, 30(10): 48-48.
Abstract
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807
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(427KB) (
561
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The characteristics of college physics teaching programs in University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign are expatiated from the course offerings,the teaching environments and processes.Also,some specific measures are suggested for evaluating the performance of the reformed Chinese college physics teaching programs.
Study of total reflection on the ultra-thin material with low refractive index using transfer matrix method
. 2011, 30(10): 52-52.
Abstract
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795
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PDF
(313KB) (
459
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Total reflection at the interface between a medium with high refractive index and an ultra-thin material with low refractive index is studied.An ultra-thin material with low refractive index is inserted in the medium with high refractive index.The reflection curve is analyzed by using the transfer matrix method.Numerical simulations show that the reflectivity can not reach 100% although the incident angle is lager than the critical angle of total reflection when the material with low refractive index is thinner than the wavelength.That is,the optical tunneling effect appears.The quantitative analysis is helpful to understand the concepts of evanescent waves and optical tunneling effects.
The bound states of two dimensional ring delta potential
. 2011, 30(10): 55-55.
Abstract
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750
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PDF
(187KB) (
314
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The bound state wavefunction inside and outside two-dimensional ring delta potential with and without homogeneous harmonic oscillator potential are given in term of confluent geometric and Tricomi function.The energy spectrum equation is obtained from the matching condition on the boundary.Some numerical results are also obtained for the first five energy levels of zero angular momentum state.
Measuring the thermal expansion coefficient by light interferometry
. 2011, 30(10): 57-57.
Abstract
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776
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(311KB) (
302
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Expansion quantity at high temperature is transferred to room temperature by quartz staff,and additive effect deriving from transformation is eliminated by confirming standard.A self-restraint apparatus is made to measure the thermal expansion coefficient,and measuring principle is based on the measuring the micro-displacement by Michelson interferometer;the relative error only is 1.0%,moreover,the measuring process is simple.
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