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    20 October 2017 Volume 36 Issue 10
      
    The function and significance of developing a test bank for university physics
    GAO Jian1，ZHOU Yu-qing2，DONG Ke2，LIU Su2
    College Physics. 2017, 36(10):  1-4.  doi:10. 16854 /j. cnki. 1000-0712. 2017. 10. 001
    Abstract ( 3751 )   PDF (989KB) ( 750 )  
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    A test bank for University Physics is a very important teaching resource，and it plays a significant role in process evaluation and outcome evaluation of the teaching process. We have developed a test bank that consists of 5000 problems，and has a fully-featured system and a very broad test range. It includes functions such as “tracking”，“statistical analysis”，and“updating”. Especially，using big data，the statistical analysis function provides a tool for teachers ( students ) to evaluate the effectiveness of their teaching ( learning ) and adjust accordingly.
    Legendre transform of statistical mechanics
    YAN Yu-li，ZHANG Yin-jie
    College Physics. 2017, 36(10):  5-7.  doi:10. 16854 /j. cnki. 1000-0712. 2017. 10. 002
    Abstract ( 1665 )   PDF (197KB) ( 1437 )  
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    The Legendre transform is an important tool in theoretical physics，and the Legendre transform of multivariable function has manifestly symmetry. Ensemble is the core content of statistical mechanics. Using the dimensionless of Legendre transform，the Legendre transform of partition function can be analogy definition from the Legendre transform of entropy，which is characteristic function of microcanonical ensemble. Meanwhile，the characteristic function， partition function of every ensemble and their relations as well as the relevant thermodynamics formula，can be obtained.
    An empirical study on the difference formula of gas heat capacities
    SHAO Yun
    College Physics. 2017, 36(10):  8-10.  doi:10. 16854 /j. cnki. 1000-0712. 2017. 10. 003
    Abstract ( 2133 )   PDF (288KB) ( 1613 )  
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    By using the experimental data of air，hydrogen，nitrogen，oxygen and carbon dioxide in the
    standard state in Handbook of Physical Chemistry and combining with error analysis，we verify partially the
    correctness of the thermodynamic formula of Cp - CV = pTVαβ in pVT system. Accordingly，the reliability of the related
    thermodynamics theory and mathematical reasoning process are confirmed.
    Distribution of electric field between coaxial double conical surfaces
    JIA Xiu-min
    College Physics. 2017, 36(10):  11-12.  doi:10. 16854 /j. cnki. 1000-0712. 2017. 10. 004
    Abstract ( 1127 )   PDF (209KB) ( 649 )  
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    By using the composite function，the Laplace equation is transformed into the integral operation，and then the electric field distribution between coaxial double conical surfaces is derived.
    Improvement of node voltage equation and establishment of generalized node voltage equation
    PENG Ai-lian
    College Physics. 2017, 36(10):  13-15.  doi:10. 16854 /j. cnki. 1000-0712. 2017. 10. 005
    Abstract ( 1608 )   PDF (512KB) ( 363 )  
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    By classifying the independent nodes in the circuit，the expression of mutual conductance equal to zero can be removed. After improvement，the node voltage equation is more concise，and the computation is reduced. Based on the relation between the independent node and the generalized node，KCL equation for generalized node is modular in structure，the general expression of generalized nodal voltage equation is summarized.Analysis can prove that the voltage equation of the generalized node is not only suitable for the generalized node，which is composed of the solitary voltage source and the solitary controlled voltage source，but also can be applied to a single independent node，this voltage equation is applied more widely.
    Analyses of double reflection and refraction at the interface of two uniaxial crystals by graphic method
    SONG Zhe1，2，YU Wei-hang1，ZHANG Lin1，LI Lin1，WU Jing1，DING Yi1
    College Physics. 2017, 36(10):  16-20.  doi:10. 16854 /j. cnki. 1000-0712. 2017. 10. 006
    Abstract ( 1943 )   PDF (645KB) ( 970 )  
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    Double refraction and double reflection at the interface of two uniaxial crystals with arbitrary orientation of optical axis are analysed by the use of Snell's graphic method. Considering refractive index surface of uniaxial crystal and equal phases for incident light，reflected light and refracted light at the interface，directions of two reflected waves and two refracted waves can be plotted on the chart. According to the optic anisotropy of crystal，directions of light rays and polarizations corresponding to every light wave are analyzed. Based on geometrical relations of all vectors，expressions of the positions of reflected waves，reflected rays，refracted waves and refracted rays are given. The Snell's graphic method is simple and visual. The formulae are universality.
    Research on the trajectory equation and the cycle of the system of one rope with three balls
    LANG Jun，JIANG Fu-jin
    College Physics. 2017, 36(10):  24-28.  doi:10. 16854 /j. cnki. 1000-0712. 2017. 10. 008
    Abstract ( 1398 )   PDF (868KB) ( 470 )  
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    For a system composed of one rope with three balls on a sooth horizontal plane，its trajectory and cycle are studied by using parametric equations. It is indicated that the ball's trajectory is related to the length of the　rope and the ratio of mass，as well as the cycle of the system is connected with the length of the rope，mass ratio，and initial speed. The ball's trajectory， the phase diagram of speed and velocity graph are simulated by using software.
    An experimental analysis of parallel movement of a spool - like rigid body
    GU Chen，QIN Lian-hua，REN Nai-jing，LU Jun-ling
    College Physics. 2017, 36(10):  29-32.  doi:10. 16854 /j. cnki. 1000-0712. 2017. 10. 009
    Abstract ( 1854 )   PDF (708KB) ( 805 )  
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    As the spool - like rigid body is driven by the filament，its movement on the horizontal plane table ( or the horizontal rail) is a typical plane parallel motion. To change the inclination or way of the filament tension，the spool - like rigid body can present different motion states，which is an interesting demonstration experiment. The reason why the biaxial rigid body presents different motion states，the key factor is that the static friction dominates as the rigid body rolls on the desktop or the rail. The static friction can continuously vary in some ranges，so the linear movement of the rigid body can satisfy the kinetic equation and the kinematics equation. As the required staticfriction exceeds the maximum value，the spool - like rigid body will slide on the table. Also，the friction will change from the static friction to the sliding friction，and the pure rolling state will disappear.
    Study of the energy resolution of CsI( Tl) scintillator detector
    LOU Jian-ling，XU Jin-yan，HUANG Xue-jun
    College Physics. 2017, 36(10):  33-37.  doi:10. 16854 /j. cnki. 1000-0712. 2017. 10. 010
    Abstract ( 2514 )   PDF (1134KB) ( 1910 )  
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    In order to improve the experimental and creative ability of the senior under grade students，and arouse their interest and enthusiasm in the physical experiments，a new research experiment，named “energy resolution of the CsI( Tl) scintillator detectors”is set up. The students should package and install the CsI ( Tl) detectors by themselves，build their own testing platform and then measure the energy resolution of CsI ( Tl) scintillator detectors made by themselves. This experiment provides many opportunities for the students to participate in and hands-on. It is found that this research experiment is suitable for the senior under - grade students via the teaching practice of three years from 2013 to 2015.
    A thinker lives longer and a great scientist successes early
    NI Mu-cui，WANG Lei，ZHANG Han-zhuang
    College Physics. 2017, 36(10):  38-47.  doi:10. 16854 /j. cnki. 1000-0712. 2017. 10. 011
    Abstract ( 1419 )   PDF (405KB) ( 702 )  
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    The important achievements of physics and physicists who had made critical contributions to these achievements from the time of ancient Greek to the 1930's was overviewed in this paper. By analyzing the lives of　these physicists，we have found that the average life - span of these physicists was much higher than the human life expectancy during their time，and the golden ageswhen they made the achievements were often before their middle ages or even younger. What's more，the average of these golden ages was still getting lower with time. Our conclution is instructive to young scientific workers today.
    Analysis of influence factors for the model of microwave two - path propagation
    HU Yun
    College Physics. 2017, 36(10):  48-51.  doi:10. 16854 /j. cnki. 1000-0712. 2017. 10. 012
    Abstract ( 1244 )  
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    The model effect and influence factors of microwave two - path propagation are studied. By applying electromagnetic wave and antenna theory，two path wave superposition formula is derived by using electric field amplitude and receiving power. The images of the relationship between the amplitude and the receiving power of the superimposed electric field and the horizontal distance of the antenna are given. The results show that when the two path microwave propagates，the electric field amplitude at the receiving point and receiving power with the distance between the antenna fluctuate. Antenna height and distance between antennas affect directly the amplitude of the received electric field and receiving power，but the influence of the distance between the antenna units is greater
    Design and implementation of TEAL - based Nankai interactive classroom
    LI Chuan-yong，SUN Yi-ding，SUN Qian，CHEN Zong-qiang，WU Qiang
    College Physics. 2017, 36(10):  52-56.  doi:10. 16854 /j. cnki. 1000-0712. 2017. 10. 013
    Abstract ( 1205 )   PDF (1211KB) ( 269 )  
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    This paper introduces the design，structure and implementation of a specially designed classroom， called Nankai interactive classroom. It is equipped with modern technology for interactive teaching and learning.This has been the first TEAL - like classroom built in mainland China. The feedback from instructors and students doing lecture in the classroom was also presented.
    Exploration and practice of research - oriented teaching in the course of solid state physics
    WANG Zhi，JIANG Zhao-tan
    College Physics. 2017, 36(10):  57-60.  doi:10. 16854 /j. cnki. 1000-0712. 2017. 10. 014
    Abstract ( 1111 )   PDF (187KB) ( 905 )  
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    The characteristics of research - orientated teaching are introduced briefly. The emphases are put on the design and practice of the research - oriented solid state physics course. Research - oriented teaching reform attempts have been carried out in teaching goal，teaching content，teaching method，and examination mod，improving the teaching effects and the students' research quality. The exploration and practice provide new idea and methods to improve the quality of teaching and personnel training.
    Two different methods to measure the material shear modulus
    XIA Yu-qing，YE Chen-yu，WANG Yan-zhao，ZHANG Ya-nan
    College Physics. 2017, 36(10):  61-64.  doi:10. 16854 /j. cnki. 1000-0712. 2017. 10. 015
    Abstract ( 3709 )   PDF (586KB) ( 1810 )  
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    When a coil hanging under the copper wire，due to the torque of the copper wire for harmonic vibration，simple harmonic vibration cycle can be calculated for the shear modulus of copper wire. After the coil is energized，it is affected by the geomagnetic moment in the earth s magnetic field. By using the optical lever amplification principle，the shear modulus of the copper wire can be calculated by measuring the small deflection angle before and after the coil is energized. In order to reduce the measurement time，the coil can be measured in a very short time by measuring the harmonic vibration image before and after the captured coil is energized，so as to measure the shear modulus of the copper wire. The method of kinematics，mechanics，optics，electromagnetism principle and image analysis technique is used to measure the shear modulus of the material，which improves the measurement accuracy，reduces the measurement cost and is easy to operate. It is very suitable for popularization in university physics teaching.
    Research on tuning Fork's forced vibration and resonance phenomenon
    ZHANG Hui，KANG Xiu-ying
    College Physics. 2017, 36(10):  65-67.  doi:10. 16854 /j. cnki. 1000-0712. 2017. 10. 016
    Abstract ( 3277 )   PDF (890KB) ( 2666 )  
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    The law of tuning fork's forced vibration and resonance phenomena are studied experimentally. The results show that the resonance frequency is affected by the tuning fork's mass distribution，damping，and position of driving coil and receiving coil.
    The complete renovation of Computer - aided data collection serial experiments by using Labview
    GU En-yao，DUAN Xiu-yang，WEI Xin-yuan，GAO Yuan，MA Shi-hong
    College Physics. 2017, 36(10):  72-76.  doi:10. 16854 /j. cnki. 1000-0712. 2017. 10. 018
    Abstract ( 1245 )   PDF (1509KB) ( 443 )  
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    Computer - aided data collection serial experiments are essential for students to better understand the Analog - to - Digital /Digital - to - Analog ( AD/DA) conversion. However，the instruments we used are outdated. By using Labview and corresponding data acquisition ( DAQ) card，the experiments are renovated and upgraded completely. The new designed instruments and software emphasize the cultivation of students' practical ability. New contents are also added to improve the learning interest of students and to better interact with them. The whole process is instructive to the renovation of similar university physics experiments.
    Experimental study of Fechner color effect
    XIAO Yu-xin，WU Wang-sheng
    College Physics. 2017, 36(10):  77-81.  doi:10. 16854 /j. cnki. 1000-0712. 2017. 10. 019
    Abstract ( 2933 )   PDF (587KB) ( 1313 )  
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    The Fechner color effect is a well - known visual phenomenon. When one sees a rotating turntable which with some black and white patterns on it such as Benham's top，one will see several other colors. The cause of its formation is still inconclusive. We analyze the phenomenon，improve the Benham's top，and make some experiments. Quantitative experiments are performed on aspects of the light source，rotational speed，stripe width and so on.
     
    College Physics. 2017, 36(10):  82. 
    Abstract ( 725 )   PDF (171KB) ( 222 )  
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