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Table of Content
15 June 2022 Volume 41 Issue 6
The promotion of physics education journals to the original innovation in scientific research
ZHAO Yun-he, MA Yu-han, SUN Chang-pu,
College Physics. 2022, 41(6): 1. doi:
10.16854/j.cnki.1000-0712.210613
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From the perspective of stimulating creative learning, the development of American physics education journals and its promotion of the frontier scientific research are outlined. Taking three typical papers published in American Journal of Physics as examples, it is pointed out that journals focus on teaching research can also become a platform for original innovations in scientific research. Finally, some suggestions are given for domestic physics education and teaching journals.
Transverse vibration of thin plate with circular or sector shape (I) Boundary conditions at circle center
WU Chong-shi
College Physics. 2022, 41(6): 7. doi:
10.16854/j.cnki.1000-0712.210538
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868
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The transverse vibration of circular plate is discussed from the point of view of equations of mathematical physics. The mistakes of the boundary conditions at the center of circle appeared in the existing literature are analyzed carefully． New boundary conditions are proposed and their reasonability is discussed from the calculus ofvariations．
Application of integrating the research frontier into teaching in solid physics course
MA Rong, LI Bin, WANG Lu
College Physics. 2022, 41(6): 11. doi:
10.16854/j.cnki.1000-0712.210444
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In this paper, taking the research frontier of condensed matter physics into the teaching content of solid state physics is focused. Metal compound material magnesium diboride is taken as a typical case to guide students to deeply understand the lattice structure, energy band structure, electron state density, phonon dispersion relationship and other basic knowledge. It has been proved that the introduction of the technological frontier in teaching could not only make the teaching content more vivid and interesting, but also help students to understand abstract physical concepts, establish clear physical images, and improve the teaching effect of solid state physics.
The analogy between fiber bundle，gauge field and Yang-Mills equation—A way of disciplinary integration research
ZHAO Song-nian, LU Bo, CHEN Ken, HUANG Xu
College Physics. 2022, 41(6): 16. doi:
10．16854 /j．cnki．1000-0712．210393
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The gauge field is an important research field in physics，and the fiber bundle is a hot topic inmathematics． Essentially，it is the Yang-Mills equation that connects the gauge field and the fiber bundle and be-comes theirtheoretical basis． This paper focuses on the physical concept and discusses the gauge field in physics and the fiber bundle indifferential geometry． The formation and development of related concepts，and the relation-ship with the Yang-Mills equation，so that more readers can inspire the enthusiasm of exploration and innovation in this important field，conduct in-depth research，and promote its use in physics andmathematics． Making progress in intersecting topics，especially by linking the three through the curl calculation of the vector potential，can deepen a deeper understanding of the connection of fiber bundles，because this type of problem is a newresearch direction． Among them，there are still many questions，which are worthy of in-depth exploration by thosewith lofty ideals．
The solution to rotational inertia of uniform Reuleaux polygon sheet
ZHANG Hui-jun, CHEN Jing, JIANG Feng-chun, WANG Shi-zhuo
College Physics. 2022, 41(6): 26. doi:
10.16854/j.cnki.1000-0712.210621
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901
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Reuleaux polygon is a kind of curve with constant width．Two solution approaches to rotational inertia for Reuleaux triangle sheet are introduced, and the case of Reuleaux polygon sheet is also elucidated. On the other hand, based on the definition of rotational inertia, the numerical simulation results of rotational inertia are compared well with the analytical results.
Discussion on “The electric charge density distribution of a charged conducting definite straight line”
ZHOU Qun-yi, ZHOU Li-li, MO Yun-fei, HOU Zhao-yang
College Physics. 2022, 41(6): 31. doi:
10.16854/j.cnki.1000-0712.210389
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699
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The error in the formula of the charge distribution linear density of a finite-length charged linear conductor in the literature is pointed out, and a variety of methods are used to prove that the charge distribution of the charged wire section is uniform. The equipotential line equation and electric field equation of the uniformly charged section are deduced, and it is proved that the charged section is the equipotential line, and the electric field line is perpendicular to the line section. It is proved that the electric potential outside the line segment satisfies the three-dimensional Laplace equation, so as to prove that the uniformly charged line segment is a conductor.
Further discussions on the principle of invariance of light speed and Lorenz transformation
YU Yong
College Physics. 2022, 41(6): 37. doi:
10.16854/j.cnki.1000-0712.210391
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According to the principle of relativity and the principle of invariance of light speed, not only Lorentz transformation can be derived, but also the relativity of motion, that is, the Einstein condition is true. It is also shown that under the condition of the principle of relativity, the principle of invariance of light speed, interval invariance and Lorentz transformation relationship are equivalent.
Condition of half-wave loss when light is emitted from optically
denser medium to optically thinner medium
QIU Hui-bin, WU Jun-jie, XIAO Dong-hua, HU Tian-yi, ZHONG Cheng-jie, LI Xiao-bin
College Physics. 2022, 41(6): 40. doi:
10.16854/j.cnki.1000-0712.210465
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Through detailed derivation, graph presentation and discussion of the ratio relationship between the amplitude of the reflected wave and that of the incident wave, this article gives the detailed distribution map of phase difference between the reflected light and the incident light in the refractive index-incident angle space. At the same time, various conditions for the occurrence of half-wave loss are specified, including the half-wave loss of the reflected light when the light is emitted from the optically denser medium to the optically thinner medium. Here we show that when the light beam is shot from the optically denser medium to the optically thinner medium, the reflected wave may also occur half-wave loss; when the light beam is shot from the optically thinner medium to the optically denser medium, the reflected wave does not necessarily occur a half-wave loss. Our work clarifies and supplements some unclear conclusions in existing textbooks.
Application of wavefront function method to the teaching of lightwave interference
WANG Yi-quan, CHEN Xiao, WU Hong-yuan, ZOU Bin, CAI Yuan-yuan
College Physics. 2022, 41(6): 47. doi:
10.16854/j.cnki.10000712.210380
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708
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The concept of wavefront function and its application in Young’s double-slit interference and thin-film interference using the wavefront function method are introduced. In comparison with the traditional light path method discussing the light interference, the wavefront function method fully reflects the physical thought of wave, portrays the physical image of the propagation and superposition of electromagnetic waves, which helps students understand the concept of wave deeply.
Visualization research on the electromagnetic wave (EMW)
radiated by a mixed transmission antenna
XIA Hai, TENG Bao-hua, LI Jia-sheng, FAN Zhi-bin, WU Ming-he
College Physics. 2022, 41(6): 51. doi:
10.16854/j.cnki.1000-0712.210590
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In order to understand the Maxwell theory, the electromagnetic wave (EMW) is visualized for new comer with the demonstration experiment. The radiation of a mixed transmission antenna, regarded as a mixture of the small magnetic and electrical dipole antennas, is not the same as that of the ideal magnetic dipole antenna due to the introduction of a gap. The discrepancies of the radiated energy flux density are discussed between the mixed antenna and ideal magnetic dipole antenna according to superposition theorem (ST) of the induced electrical field.
High sensitivity dual-fiber-Bragg-gratings based strain sensing system
WANG Yang, FENG Ting, WU Sheng-bao, TIAN Cheng-qiang, WANG Ying
College Physics. 2022, 41(6): 54. doi:
10.16854/j.cnki.1000-0712.210587
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680
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A high sensitivity dual-fiber-Bragg-gratings (FBGs) based strain sensing system is proposed. It consists of two FBGs with different center reflection wavelengths (1546.209 nm and 1541.716 nm), which are respectively sticked on the upper surface and lower surface of a triangle cantilever beam of constant bending rigidity. Through measuring the relationship between the two FBG’s center reflection wavelength difference and the strain of the triangle cantilever beam, the strain fiber sensing can be achieved. The simulations have demonstrated that the sensitivity of the dual-FBGs based strain sensing system is two times of that of the single-FBG based one, and the temperature influence can be compensated automatically in the proposed sensing system. The experimental data verify the conclusion draw from the simulations, show a strain sensing sensitivity of 2.10 pm/με, and demonstrate that the measurement accuracy is safe from the temperature variation induced influence.
Discusson the aggregation phenomenon of protein
molecules based on electrostatics
FAN Bao-lu, ZHOU Lei, LIU Yang
College Physics. 2022, 41(6): 60. doi:
10.16854/j.cnki.1000-0712.210409
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In daily life, adding salt to the colloidal protein solution will cause aggregation. Based on the spherical colloidal particle model, this article uses the Poisson equation of electrostatics and Boltzmann's law of distribution to discuss the aggregation of protein molecules. By digging out physical thoughts in daily phenomena, not only deepen the understanding of the laws of physics, cultivate the ability to solve practical problems, but also enhance the effectiveness of teaching.
How to answer the three fundamental questionson the construction of a high－quality curriculum ideology and politics in physics in local universities
LI Peng, GENG Lu, LI Zhi-jian, MA Jie
College Physics. 2022, 41(6): 65. doi:
10.16854 /j.cnki.1000-0712.210547
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525
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The comprehensive promotion of the construction of curriculum ideology and politics is a strategic measure to implement the fundamental task of establishing morality education，and is also an important link to enhance the quality of curriculum construction and improve the quality of personneltraining． The School of Physics and Electronic Engineering of Shanxi University gives full play to the advantages of physics disciplines and strives to explore the “1+3+3”model of high－quality curriculum ideology and politics，which is to highlight the main position of students in the classroom，cultivate the soul and build moral character as a through－line，and answer the “why，”“what”and“how”of curriculum thinkingand politics． The model is based on the three basic questions of “why，”“what”and “how”，and is based on the three demands of value shaping，knowledge transfer and ability cultivation，to explore a practical model for the implementation of high－quality curriculum ideology and politics in physics majors in local universities．
Analysis and discussion on the rolling motion of rings on a paraboloid
LING Yi-fan, LIU Yang, LIU Yu-jie, LU Li-ping
College Physics. 2022, 41(6): 69. doi:
10.16854/j.cnki.1000-0712.210488
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673
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The motion of a ring on a paraboloid is a complex rigid body motion，which involves many obscuretheoretical knowledges． In this paper，an experiment of the motion of rings on a paraboloid is presented，and the motion modes of rings in different initial velocity directions are obtained，such as linear mode，clover mode，helicalmode． On the basis of fitting the constructed motion equation to the experimental data obtained by tracker software， the relationship between motion modes and the initial direction of velocity of rings isanalyzed． In the frame of rigid body motion theory，the angular velocity of the ring of special motional modes is discussed
A development of intelligent thermal conductivity measuring system of poor conductor
ZHANG Kang, WEI Li-cheng, HUANG Jia-hao, LU Zi-bo, ZHANG Ping
College Physics. 2022, 41(6): 74. doi:
10.16854 /j.cnki.1000-0712.210481
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751
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111
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In view of the shortcomings of the existing teaching experimental device of measuring the thermal conductivity of poor conductor by steady－state method，the existing teaching experimental device was intelligently improved by combining the single－chip microcomputer control system with python languageprogramming． The STC15F2K60S2 single－chip microcomputer was used as the main controlchip． DS18B20 temperature sensor， solid－state relayand NＲF24L01 wireless transceiver module were used to form the controlsystem．NＲF24L01 wire-less transceiver module was used to form the control system，and the upper computer software waswritten． The im-proved experimental device could automatically control the temperature of heating plate，automatically collect the temperature of heat dissipation plate， quickly and accurately calculate the thermal conductivity of poorconductors． The device improved the measurement accuracy and efficiency．
Visualization of three－dimensional hydrogen atom electron cloud based on Monte Carlo simulation
CAO Yu-han, LU Heng-xin, XIONG Tian-yu, LU Zi-xuan, E Yi-ting, XU Lei, SHU Song
College Physics. 2022, 41(6): 78. doi:
10.16854 /j.cnki.1000-0712.210548
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This paper introduces a method to visualize the three－dimensional “electron cloud”of hydrogen atom by Monte Carlosimulation． According to the wave function of the electron in hydrogen atom，the visualization of three－dimensional electron cloud of hydrogen atom with different energy levels is realized by using Mathematica software and Monte Carlo simulation method，which makes people have a more intuitive understanding of the behav-ior of the electron in hydrogenatom． At the same time，this paper also gives a universal algorithm based on Monte Carlo method to study the electron cloud image of the general atomic system，including the perturbation system， which can be used for the further development of the visualization resources for the courses of quantum mechanics．
Chemical potential depends on all substances in the system
LI Zhen-qiang, LI Xing-ding, WANG Xin, LIU Quan-hui
College Physics. 2022, 41(6): 83. doi:
10.16854 /j.cnki.1000-0712.210555
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660
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In thermodynamics，there are two different assertations about the set of variables for the chemical po-tentials of manysubstances． One is that the chemical potential of a certain substance only depends on the existence of other substances; and another is that it depends not only on other substances，but also onitself． Through a detailed a-nalysis，it is demonstrated the chemical potential in general depends on all substances within thesystem．
Just Accepted
